Chapter 1
Maloratsky, Kagansky
1.1 Connections between the branches of our family
1.2 ITA - both that (Maloratsky) and this (Sagalov)
1.3 Siblings with different surnames
1.4 "Persons recognized by the Soviet government as unreliable"
1.5 Meeting of the descendants of the Maloratsky after three generations (the path from
the shtetl Malin (Russian Empire) to the city of Kfar Saba (Israel)
1.6 Photographer, writer and tangero share common ancestors
1.7 Virtual meeting of Maloratsky and Mallor
1.8 The Living and the Dead: two meetings in Jewish Cemeteries
1.9 Common ancestors of the boss and the subordinate
1.10 Meetings of the descendants of Mordechai and Chava Maloratsky
1.11 Meetings with presidents (from the tavern to the White House and the Kremlin)
1.12 Two archivists - descendants of the Maloratsky from the shtetl of Malin
1.13 Escape from the Bolsheviks and meeting with relatives in Palestine
1.14 Meeting of the descendants of the Kagansky
1.15 Meeting of the descendants of the Kagansky, Maloratsky, Sagalov, after four generations
1.16 Ancestors of three branches of the Kagansky family in one agricultural settlement
1.17 Descendants of the Kagansky/Kaganovsky in the orphanage
1.18 Victims of pogroms and the Holocaust
1.19 Anniversary meetings
1.20 MIT enlightens two generations of the Maloratsky
1.21 Meetings with world famous personalities
1.1 Connections between the branches of our Family
This Chapter presents the history of the Maloratsky and Kagansky, as well as the Sagalov, Radomyslsky, Kaganovsky, Zakon, Pomirche related to them. The following diagrams illustrate the connections between all branches of our Family (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
Maloratsky, Kagansky
1.1 Connections between the branches of our family
1.2 ITA - both that (Maloratsky) and this (Sagalov)
1.3 Siblings with different surnames
1.4 "Persons recognized by the Soviet government as unreliable"
1.5 Meeting of the descendants of the Maloratsky after three generations (the path from
the shtetl Malin (Russian Empire) to the city of Kfar Saba (Israel)
1.6 Photographer, writer and tangero share common ancestors
1.7 Virtual meeting of Maloratsky and Mallor
1.8 The Living and the Dead: two meetings in Jewish Cemeteries
1.9 Common ancestors of the boss and the subordinate
1.10 Meetings of the descendants of Mordechai and Chava Maloratsky
1.11 Meetings with presidents (from the tavern to the White House and the Kremlin)
1.12 Two archivists - descendants of the Maloratsky from the shtetl of Malin
1.13 Escape from the Bolsheviks and meeting with relatives in Palestine
1.14 Meeting of the descendants of the Kagansky
1.15 Meeting of the descendants of the Kagansky, Maloratsky, Sagalov, after four generations
1.16 Ancestors of three branches of the Kagansky family in one agricultural settlement
1.17 Descendants of the Kagansky/Kaganovsky in the orphanage
1.18 Victims of pogroms and the Holocaust
1.19 Anniversary meetings
1.20 MIT enlightens two generations of the Maloratsky
1.21 Meetings with world famous personalities
1.1 Connections between the branches of our Family
This Chapter presents the history of the Maloratsky and Kagansky, as well as the Sagalov, Radomyslsky, Kaganovsky, Zakon, Pomirche related to them. The following diagrams illustrate the connections between all branches of our Family (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
These diagrams show how our ancestors were related to each other at the end of the 19th century - early 20th century In accordance with the title of this Chapter 1, Maloratsky and Kagansky are located in the center of the diagrams. The generations of the Maloratsky/Kagansky and their connection with the various branches of our family are illustrated by the following portrait gallery:
1.2 ITA - and that (Maloratsky) and this (Sagalov)
This almost pun is historically justified by the events of 200 years ago, which continued for 100 years (three generations). Continuing to pun, according to Bader's index of female names (https://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=2059), ITA (YUDES) - so YES - IDA (YUDES), which is also confirmed by the Revision tales of 1818 and 1834. The meaning of the Hebrew name ITA is "little housekeeper". Our ITA (first name) could be called not a small, but a double (village Malaya Racha and shtetl Fastov) housekeeper. Malaya Racha is the family nest of the Maloratsky, Fastov is the family nest of the Sagalov.
Brief chronology: In 1795, in the family of Mordechai and Genya, living in the village of Malaya Racha, the fourth son Avrum*) was born (no family name yet) (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1). 1808 Avrum moved with his family from Malaya Racha to Radomysl and acquired the surname Maloratsky. 1816 Avrum Maloratsky and his wife Ita had a son, Shmul. 1818 Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky dies at the age of 23, leaving the twenty-two-year-old Ita a widow with two-year-old son Shmul.
*) The Yiddish name Avrum is a variation of the biblical name Abraham. The Hebrew name Abraham has a truncated form Abram. Following the biblical tradition, Morduchai Shlomovich named his son after the deceased grandfather Abram (Shlomo's father). Among the names and patronymics of our Family, the most common were Abram (Avram, Avrum, Avramko), Moshko and Shlomo.
The surname Sagalov goes back to the Hebrew priestly title Sagal, which is translated into Russian as "Levitic helper" (Hebrew "sgan levi"). The bearers of this surname are considered descendants of the Levites. Segal with variations of Chagall, Sagal and derivatives SAGALOV, Sagalovich, Shagalov, etc. is an abbreviation for "segan leviya", that is, "assistant Levite", in the sense of "Levite - assistant to the kohen" ("assistant to the high priest"). The surname on -OV was received by the ancestor-cantonist when he served 25 years in the tsarist army. The Slavic Hebrew name Sagalov means "son of Sagal", a variant of Segal, which is the Hebrew name of the family, based on an abbreviation. The Russian suffixes "ov" and "ovich" mean "son".
Revision tale of 1816 in the Kiev province of the city of Radomysl:
This almost pun is historically justified by the events of 200 years ago, which continued for 100 years (three generations). Continuing to pun, according to Bader's index of female names (https://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=2059), ITA (YUDES) - so YES - IDA (YUDES), which is also confirmed by the Revision tales of 1818 and 1834. The meaning of the Hebrew name ITA is "little housekeeper". Our ITA (first name) could be called not a small, but a double (village Malaya Racha and shtetl Fastov) housekeeper. Malaya Racha is the family nest of the Maloratsky, Fastov is the family nest of the Sagalov.
Brief chronology: In 1795, in the family of Mordechai and Genya, living in the village of Malaya Racha, the fourth son Avrum*) was born (no family name yet) (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1). 1808 Avrum moved with his family from Malaya Racha to Radomysl and acquired the surname Maloratsky. 1816 Avrum Maloratsky and his wife Ita had a son, Shmul. 1818 Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky dies at the age of 23, leaving the twenty-two-year-old Ita a widow with two-year-old son Shmul.
*) The Yiddish name Avrum is a variation of the biblical name Abraham. The Hebrew name Abraham has a truncated form Abram. Following the biblical tradition, Morduchai Shlomovich named his son after the deceased grandfather Abram (Shlomo's father). Among the names and patronymics of our Family, the most common were Abram (Avram, Avrum, Avramko), Moshko and Shlomo.
The surname Sagalov goes back to the Hebrew priestly title Sagal, which is translated into Russian as "Levitic helper" (Hebrew "sgan levi"). The bearers of this surname are considered descendants of the Levites. Segal with variations of Chagall, Sagal and derivatives SAGALOV, Sagalovich, Shagalov, etc. is an abbreviation for "segan leviya", that is, "assistant Levite", in the sense of "Levite - assistant to the kohen" ("assistant to the high priest"). The surname on -OV was received by the ancestor-cantonist when he served 25 years in the tsarist army. The Slavic Hebrew name Sagalov means "son of Sagal", a variant of Segal, which is the Hebrew name of the family, based on an abbreviation. The Russian suffixes "ov" and "ovich" mean "son".
Revision tale of 1816 in the Kiev province of the city of Radomysl:
In this document dated August 10, 1816, our ancestor Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky (# 1), age 21, b. in 1795 Avrum Morduchovich's wife Ita (b. 1796). Avrum's move from Malaya Racha to Radomysl took place around 1808. The marriage of Avrum and Ita took place already in Radomysl. This document does not contain their son Shmul, born in 1816.
After the death of Avrum (in 1818), Ita married the widower Yos Chaskelevich Sagalov
(b. 1789) (from the shtetl Fastov), who had a son, Haskel (b. 1811) and two daughters. Yos Sagalov was a merchant of the 3rd guild*). Later, Ita and Yos had three sons: Ovsei
(b. 1819), David (b. 1824) and Avrum (b. 1826). Thus, Ita Maloratsky (who became Sagalov) and Yos Sagalov laid the foundation for the rapprochement of the
Maloratsky and Sagalov clans.
Later, after three generations, these family ties of the two branches will be strengthened twice more: Sara Maloratsky - Markus Sagalov and Klara Maloratsky - Abram Sagalov (see the diagram below, the line of Ovsey Iosifovich, b. 1819). In the tree of our Family below, on the way to these connections, we find another pair of the same name Ita Sagalov - Yos Shachnovsky**), i.e. again Ita - and that one (Sagalova) and this one (by her husband Shachnovsky). But this is another story for the descendants of the Shachnovsky, who 100 years later had Tioma Maloratsky as a tutor in mathematics and physics.
*) Merchants of the third guild could conduct petty trade, maintain taverns and inns, and engage in crafts.
**) The surname Shakhnovsky comes from the Jewish male name Shakhne, which in Aramaic means "neighbor". The ending "-sky" denotes ownership. Thus, Shakhnovsky means "son of Shakhne" https://toldot.ru/life/lnames/lnames_7156.html.
Fund 280 Inventory 2 File 375. Entry No. 107. Additional revision tales about the bourgeois Jews of Kyiv, Vasilkovsky, Boguslavsky and Radomyslsky districts for 1818 (875 sheets). In this document dated June 28, 1818, the family of Yos Khaskelevich Sagalov appears among the male Jews. Age 22, b. in 1796, and Yos Khaskelevich's wife Ida (Idka), age 20, b. in 1798 Two half-brothers Ovsei and David Sagalov were the ancestors of our Sagalovs and Chagalls (ancestors of the artist Marc Chagall) (see story 2.2).
Ita is the wife of Ios Sagalov after the death of Avrum Maloratsky:
Revision tales about merchants, townspeople and Jews of the Radomysl district. 1850, 871 pp. In this document dated December 20, 1850, the family of our ancestor Sagalov Yos Chaskelevich, age 61, b. in 1789, which is recorded in the Revizsky tales as a merchant of the 3rd guild. Yos Chaskelevich's sons: 1. Chaskel, age 39, b. in 1811, Chaskel sons: Duvid, age 19, b. in 1831, Shaya, age 16, b. in 1834 2. Ovsey, b. in 1819, died in 1848, Ovsey sons: Morduch, age 17 years old, b. in 1833, Gersh, age 15 years old, b. in 1835 Haskel, age 7 years old, b. in 1843, 3. Avrum, age 24, b. in 1826. Among the female Jews is Yos Chaskelevich's wife, Ita, age 60.
The family moved from Fastov to Radomysl, where Ovsey's sons bought a tannery. The details of this transaction were discovered thanks to O. Sagalov, who found the "Billing Fortress dated 16.09.1850." (see www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com). Thus, the Radomysl period of the life of the descendants of the Sagalov began. Subsequently, Morduch Sagalov becomes the owner of a tavern in Radomysl, and his son Yosif Morduchovich Sagalov becomes the owner of a haberdashery and ladies' hat shop in Radomysl (see story 2.1).
The sons of Joseph Morduchovich - Markus and Abram twice strengthened the family ties of the Sagalov with the Maloratsky: Markus married Sofya Maloratsky, and his brother Abram Sagalov married Klara Maloratsky (Sofya's sister) (see the chart below):
The family moved from Fastov to Radomysl, where Ovsey's sons bought a tannery. The details of this transaction were discovered thanks to O. Sagalov, who found the "Billing Fortress dated 16.09.1850." (see www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com). Thus, the Radomysl period of the life of the descendants of the Sagalov began. Subsequently, Morduch Sagalov becomes the owner of a tavern in Radomysl, and his son Yosif Morduchovich Sagalov becomes the owner of a haberdashery and ladies' hat shop in Radomysl (see story 2.1).
The sons of Joseph Morduchovich - Markus and Abram twice strengthened the family ties of the Sagalov with the Maloratsky: Markus married Sofya Maloratsky, and his brother Abram Sagalov married Klara Maloratsky (Sofya's sister) (see the chart below):
This diagram illustrates the family ties of the descendants of only two Sagalov brothers: Ovsey (1819 - 1848) and Haskel (born 1818). The connection between the descendants of Ovsey and his other brother Abram (Avrum), the grandfather of the artist Marc Chagall, is described later in story 2.2. Thus, our ancestors Maloratsky and Sagalov met in Radomysl: Maloratsky around 1808 from the village of Malaya Racha, and the Sagalov a little later from the metro station Fastov. Descendants of the Maloratsky/Sagalov at the beginning of the 21st century united their efforts to recreate the 300-year-old Pedigree of our Family; Leo Maloratsky at www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com; Ilya Goldfarb at www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com.
Thus, two events that took place in 1818 predetermined the further connection of the two family branches: the Maloratskys and the Sagalovs. The first event is the death of Avrum Maloratsky (1795-1818). The second event is the marriage of Avrum's widow, Ita, and Ios Sagalov. And it is no coincidence that the descendants of the two branches, after three generations, again, twice with marriage, strengthened ties between themselves, finding themselves in the same city of Radomysl. Other connections of different-family branches of our Family existed due to the adoption at the beginning of the 19th century. different surnames by relatives or cousins due to various circumstances. One example of this phenomenon is in the following story.
1.3 Siblings with different surnames
At present, siblings of different surnames are found in the family rather as an exception. The situation was different at the beginning of the 19th century. among the Jews of the Russian Empire, who by the beginning of the 19th century. did not have surnames. The Regulations on the Jews of 1804 prescribed: “... every Jew must have, or take on, his well-known hereditary surname, or nickname, which must already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with the addition to this name, given by faith or at birth.”
The implementation of this order dragged on for years. In 1808, the Senate re-ordered "all Jews to take ... by all means a well-known surname or nickname, if it has not yet been fulfilled somewhere." http://www.petergen.com/publ/chaeszkompl.shtml At the time of surname assignment, it often happened that brothers received different surnames*). This happened to our ancestors: the head of the family Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genya and children Chaim and Avrum (who moved from the village of Malaya Racha to the city of Radomysl) acquired the surname Maloratsky*), and two other sons of Mordechai - Shloma and Moshko (who settled in the s. Malin) acquired the surname Radomyslsky
(see maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
*) The surname MALORATSKY came from the name of the settlement Malaya Racha (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1). The diagram below illustrates the "different family name" of the brothers Maloratsky and Radomyslsky:
The name MALORATSKY came from the name of the settlement MАLaya RАcha.
Surnames in - SKY and -CKY arrived from Poland, or were received from the Polish landowner, the owner of the town. Most of the surnames that end in -SKY, -CKY, are formed from geographical names.
Thus, two events that took place in 1818 predetermined the further connection of the two family branches: the Maloratskys and the Sagalovs. The first event is the death of Avrum Maloratsky (1795-1818). The second event is the marriage of Avrum's widow, Ita, and Ios Sagalov. And it is no coincidence that the descendants of the two branches, after three generations, again, twice with marriage, strengthened ties between themselves, finding themselves in the same city of Radomysl. Other connections of different-family branches of our Family existed due to the adoption at the beginning of the 19th century. different surnames by relatives or cousins due to various circumstances. One example of this phenomenon is in the following story.
1.3 Siblings with different surnames
At present, siblings of different surnames are found in the family rather as an exception. The situation was different at the beginning of the 19th century. among the Jews of the Russian Empire, who by the beginning of the 19th century. did not have surnames. The Regulations on the Jews of 1804 prescribed: “... every Jew must have, or take on, his well-known hereditary surname, or nickname, which must already be preserved in all acts and records without any change, with the addition to this name, given by faith or at birth.”
The implementation of this order dragged on for years. In 1808, the Senate re-ordered "all Jews to take ... by all means a well-known surname or nickname, if it has not yet been fulfilled somewhere." http://www.petergen.com/publ/chaeszkompl.shtml At the time of surname assignment, it often happened that brothers received different surnames*). This happened to our ancestors: the head of the family Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genya and children Chaim and Avrum (who moved from the village of Malaya Racha to the city of Radomysl) acquired the surname Maloratsky*), and two other sons of Mordechai - Shloma and Moshko (who settled in the s. Malin) acquired the surname Radomyslsky
(see maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
*) The surname MALORATSKY came from the name of the settlement Malaya Racha (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1). The diagram below illustrates the "different family name" of the brothers Maloratsky and Radomyslsky:
The name MALORATSKY came from the name of the settlement MАLaya RАcha.
Surnames in - SKY and -CKY arrived from Poland, or were received from the Polish landowner, the owner of the town. Most of the surnames that end in -SKY, -CKY, are formed from geographical names.
Below is a diagram of the Maloratskys, illustrating the branch of our ancestors who moved to the village of Malin and took the surname Radomyslsky, while their other blood relatives moved to Radomysl and took the surname Maloratsky. Ancestors from Malaya Racha who moved to Malin took the surname Radomyslsky, obviously based on the name of the Radomysl district, which included the villages of Malaya Racha (the birthplace of Moshka) and the village of Dubovik (the birthplace of Shloma).
Very often, siblings living in different settlements, during their forced relocation, which coincided in time with the assignment of surnames, took the so-called "topological" surnames. Compared with the surnames of other peoples, the percentage of surnames from the names of settlements is increased among Jews. Almost all cities, towns, towns, towns and villages of the former Pale of Settlement turned out to be surnames.
In our Pedigree in the third generation, after the nameless siblings Mordko and Moshko, their blood-related ancestors became owners of various surnames: MALORATSKY, RADOMYSLKSKY, POTIEVSKY, MODELEVSKY, STAROSELTSKY, associated with their places of residence: Malaya Racha, Radomysl, Potiyevka, Modelev and Staroseltsy, respectively (see map below). As a rule, a person could not live in the place from which his surname is derived, since he received it in accordance with the place that he had already left.
Among the names of the five branches (Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Staroseletsky, Modelevsky) of the first three generations of our Family, only ~ 10% of the names (first name) of our ancestors are not repeated, which indicates their family ties www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com. It can be assumed that these non-recurring names were given through the female line. The consequence of this extraordinary find was that our family tree "expanded" horizontally by about 5 times compared to the original "namesake" tree (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com, Chapter 1, Part 1) (!)
And now let's fast-forward a few generations to the time of the Soviet regime, when many Jews were forced to change their surnames to more "digestible", for example, the surnames of their Russian wives and mothers. People of creative professions took the "correct" pseudonyms, and so on. In view of the mass immigration of Jews in the early 20th century. many families were separated after the revolution. Those who arrived in the United States often changed their names and surnames in order to more easily adapt to a new environment. Such "family confusion" required additional efforts and logical constructions in the formation of the family tree. A similar situation occurred in many other migrating Jewish families.
*) The final report on the adoption of surnames was prepared by the State. Department of Justice July 5, 1827 (KRSW 6608:226-32). This document illustrates the three main problems encountered with "surnames": "...different surnames were given to fathers and children or brothers in the same family..."
http://j-roots.info/forum/viewtopic.php?t =533
Below is a map of the Radomysl district indicating the places of residence of our ancestors before they were evicted from the countryside. During their stay in these places, they, as a rule, did not have surnames.
In our Pedigree in the third generation, after the nameless siblings Mordko and Moshko, their blood-related ancestors became owners of various surnames: MALORATSKY, RADOMYSLKSKY, POTIEVSKY, MODELEVSKY, STAROSELTSKY, associated with their places of residence: Malaya Racha, Radomysl, Potiyevka, Modelev and Staroseltsy, respectively (see map below). As a rule, a person could not live in the place from which his surname is derived, since he received it in accordance with the place that he had already left.
Among the names of the five branches (Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Staroseletsky, Modelevsky) of the first three generations of our Family, only ~ 10% of the names (first name) of our ancestors are not repeated, which indicates their family ties www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com. It can be assumed that these non-recurring names were given through the female line. The consequence of this extraordinary find was that our family tree "expanded" horizontally by about 5 times compared to the original "namesake" tree (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com, Chapter 1, Part 1) (!)
And now let's fast-forward a few generations to the time of the Soviet regime, when many Jews were forced to change their surnames to more "digestible", for example, the surnames of their Russian wives and mothers. People of creative professions took the "correct" pseudonyms, and so on. In view of the mass immigration of Jews in the early 20th century. many families were separated after the revolution. Those who arrived in the United States often changed their names and surnames in order to more easily adapt to a new environment. Such "family confusion" required additional efforts and logical constructions in the formation of the family tree. A similar situation occurred in many other migrating Jewish families.
*) The final report on the adoption of surnames was prepared by the State. Department of Justice July 5, 1827 (KRSW 6608:226-32). This document illustrates the three main problems encountered with "surnames": "...different surnames were given to fathers and children or brothers in the same family..."
http://j-roots.info/forum/viewtopic.php?t =533
Below is a map of the Radomysl district indicating the places of residence of our ancestors before they were evicted from the countryside. During their stay in these places, they, as a rule, did not have surnames.
Below is a map of the Radomysl district indicating the places of residence of our ancestors before they were evicted from the countryside. During their stay in these places, they, as a rule, did not have surnames.
It is obvious that if we limited ourselves to researching only those ancestors who at the beginning of the 19th century acquired the surname Maloratsky (“family approach”), then they would have lost in our tree about 70% (!) of their ancestors by blood. Such possible losses in the family tree of “horizontal connections” are due to two reasons: the closest relatives (fathers, children, brothers) living at the time of eviction in different places took different surnames for themselves, corresponding to the places of their former residence; members of the same family, leaving for different places, could also take different surnames.
Below, to illustrate the "different surnames" of our ancestors, a small fragment of our Pedigree is given (a more detailed tree of our Genus is available on the sites
www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com and www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com).
Below, to illustrate the "different surnames" of our ancestors, a small fragment of our Pedigree is given (a more detailed tree of our Genus is available on the sites
www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com and www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com).
Summing up the two stories 1.2 and 1.3, we can determine the time of the most ancient connections of the branches of our Family Maloratsky-Radomyslsky (1806) and Maloratsky-Sagalov (1818). The chronology of further connections of our Family is displayed in the Table below:
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maloratsky Sagalov Radomyslsky Kagansky Kaganovsky Zakon __________________________________________________________________________________________________--______________________
Maloratsky 1818,1920 1806, 1920 1890 1935 1925
Sagalov 1818, 1920 1920 1900
Radomyslsky 1806, 1920 1920
Kagansky 1890 1920 1920 1935 1920
Kaganovsky 1935 1935
Zakon 1925 1900 1920 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maloratsky Sagalov Radomyslsky Kagansky Kaganovsky Zakon __________________________________________________________________________________________________--______________________
Maloratsky 1818,1920 1806, 1920 1890 1935 1925
Sagalov 1818, 1920 1920 1900
Radomyslsky 1806, 1920 1920
Kagansky 1890 1920 1920 1935 1920
Kaganovsky 1935 1935
Zakon 1925 1900 1920 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Descendants of the Maloratsky/Sagalov stories 1.2, 1.9
Descendants of the Maloratsky / Radomyslsky stories 1.3, 1.5
Descendants of the Kagansky / Kaganovsky story 1.17
Descendants of the Maloratsky/Kagansky stories 1.14, 1.15
Descendants of the Radomyslsky / Kagansky story 1.14
Descendants of the Kagansky/Sagalov story 1.15
Descendants of the Kagansky/Zakon story 1.16
Descendants of the Maloratsky / Radomyslsky stories 1.3, 1.5
Descendants of the Kagansky / Kaganovsky story 1.17
Descendants of the Maloratsky/Kagansky stories 1.14, 1.15
Descendants of the Radomyslsky / Kagansky story 1.14
Descendants of the Kagansky/Sagalov story 1.15
Descendants of the Kagansky/Zakon story 1.16
1.4 "Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable"
At the beginning of the 20th century, after the separation of families, many ancestors who remained in the USSR were included in the lists of "unreliable" for various reasons, such as receiving parcels, money transfers from abroad, correspondence with their relatives, etc. At a later time, such connections were stopped by imprisonment, and sometimes even life. In the 20-30s of the 20th century. an important condition for the survival of the poor Jewish masses was the help of foreign Jewish public organizations, as well as parcels and money transfers from relatives from abroad, mainly from the United States.
Starting from the first Soviet Constitution of 1918 and up to the mid-30s of the 20th century. there was a category in the country "dispossessed", i.e. disenfranchised persons. In 1927, the Communist Party headed for the liquidation of the NEP, and from 1928 a campaign of restrictions and persecution of the Nepmen and all the so-called "dispossessed"*) began Merchants and artisans who used other people's labor, clergy and other "non-labor elements" lost their electoral and many social rights. “Lishents” ("dispossessed") were evicted from communal apartments, they did not receive a pension, they were given higher rents, their children could not enter higher and secondary specialized educational institutions, etc.
Due to the peculiarities of professional employment, about a third of the Jews became "disenfranchised", which significantly exceeded the corresponding proportion among other peoples of the USSR. According to the 1926 and 1927 censuses, the number of "disenfranchised" tripled in a year, to three million people. This happened not because somewhere new “unreliable” were revealed, but because the grown-up children of “disenfranchised” (“children for their fathers”) were recorded in the same category.
*) Merchants, clergymen (including shames - synagogue servants), artisans who used someone else's labor (often a student or temporary assistant was considered a hired worker) were declared "disfranchised". As a "non-working element" they were deprived not only of the right to vote, but also of social rights. They were not hired, they were not registered at labor exchanges, the whole family was deprived of the right to receive state medical assistance, to receive housing, to enroll children in higher and secondary specialized educational institutions, etc.
The number of "deprived" Jews significantly exceeded their percentage among other nationalities of the USSR. In some places in Belarus and Ukraine, the number of "deprived" among the able-bodied Jewish population reached 60-70%. In Ukraine, according to official data, in the elections of 1926–27. there were 211,326 Jewish “deprived” people (30% of the total Jewish active population). Although Jews made up 6.7% of the population of the Ukrainian SSR, the percentage of "deprived" Jews was many times higher than this percentage for the entire population of the republic. https://eleven.co.il/jews-of-russia/history-in-ussr/15416/
Under the new constitution, the following groups of the population could not vote and be elected: a) persons resorting to hired labor for the purpose of making a profit;
b) persons living on unearned income, such as: interest on capital, income from enterprises, income from property, etc.;
c) private traders, trade and commercial intermediaries;
d) monks and spiritual ministers of churches and religious cults;
e) employees and agents of the former police, a special corps of gendarmes and security departments, as well as members of the house that reigned in Russia;
f) persons recognized in accordance with the established procedure as mentally ill or insane, as well as persons under guardianship;
g) persons convicted for mercenary and discrediting crimes for a term established by law or a court sentence.
On the website of Babi Yar https://babynyar.org/ru/archive/15/card-index/12 there is a large card index "Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable on the territory of Kiev and the Kiev region" from the GAKO. There are many Jewish surnames on this list: members of Jewish organizations, business owners, people who received money transfers and parcels from abroad, people who applied for emigration. The lists were compiled in the 50s, but mostly cover the 20s and 30s.
The receipt of food and clothing parcels in the USSR, which any resident of America could send, went through the American organization "Joint". In 1922 alone, more than eight hundred thousand parcels arrived in the USSR. The Jewish population of the country was, for the most part, ruined - first by pogroms and requisitions of property during the years of the Civil War and war communism, then by economic ruin and the tax policy of the authorities. On the website of the Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center. (https://babynyar.org/ru/archive/15/card-index/12/c1f3d388-f9f6-44a9-9240-8b40bd795522) each card has a column "political background", which explains why the person was recognized as "unreliable » Soviet power.
Let us dwell in more detail on our ancestors who were included in the lists of “Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable”: Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich Maloratsky, Moshko Srulevich Kagansky, Yakov Srulevich Kagansky, Gershko Yankelevich Radomyslsky, Morduch Ovseevich Kaganovsky, Yakov Zakon, Rebeka Aronovna Radomyslsky. Let's start with Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich Maloratsky (1972-1942), who was closest to us in terms of kinship, was engaged in the leather business in the city of Radomysl.
The above diagram shows the “family business” of Moisey Kagansky (brother of Chana - Mordechai's wife), the director of the leather factory where Mordechai Chaimovich Maloratsky worked. The factory workers were practically the same Maloratsky / Kagansky family. In those days, there was no concept of a “conflict of interest” and family ties in business were commonplace. In the twenties of the 20th century. the family of Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky moved from Radomysl to Kiev.
In the list of the Kiev regional office "Torgsin"*) on Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, the following document was entered:
In the list of the Kiev regional office "Torgsin"*) on Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, the following document was entered:
*) On September 18, 1931, an official permission appeared for Soviet citizens to transfer currency transfers to "Torgsin" (All-Union Association for Trade with Foreigners). Reports coming from the branch of the State Bank in Kiev confirmed that people were refusing to take rubles in foreign exchange transfers; as a result, unpaid transfers accumulated, the influx of currency into the cash desks of the State Bank decreased, or even stopped altogether, and the bank, without waiting for instructions from above, implicitly transferred currency to the account of "Torgsin" on transfers from abroad https://polit.ru/ article/2019/07/25/ps_osokina/.
In the house 92 / b on the street. Korolenko (Vladimirskaya St.) (photo on the left) lived Brocha Kislik (Kagansky) (sister of Chana Maloratsky (Kagansky), wife of Mordechai Maloratsky). Brocha (Brucha) Srulievna Kislik (1873-1941) lived with her first husband Kislik Moshko Elevich (b. 1872) and two children Volko (b. 1893) and Tevele (b. 1896) in Moscow Korostyshev.
After the death of Moshko, Brocha with two children moved to Radomysl, where her brothers and sisters lived. Before the revolution, Brocha worked for her brother Moisei Kagansky in the leather business. After the death of my sister (our grandmother) Chana Kagansky in 1936, Brocha became the second wife Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky. At the beginning of the war, Brocha did not leave Kiev with her second husband, Mark Maloratsky, who was evacuated to Tashkent, and according to unconfirmed reports, she was shot in 1941 at Babi Yar in Kiev. Perhaps Brocha remained in Kiev with her sick stepdaughter Lyusya Maloratsky (Mark's daughter from his first marriage). |
From the end of the twenties, the Kagansky and Maloratsky families lived in Kiev. Brocha Kislik (Kagansky) lived on the street. Korolenko (Vladimirskaya st.) in the house 92b, and the family of Chana and Mordechai Maloratsky - on Proreznaya st. The connection between the sisters Chana and Brocha has not been interrupted since their stay in the city of Radomysl. One of the documents testifying to this connection is given above. In this 1932 document, Mordechai Maloratsky was listed in connection with receiving transfers from a bank in New York. These transfers came to the address of Brocha (the sister of Mordechai's wife).
Obviously, the transfers were sent by Mordechai's relatives: his sister Chava or the children of Abraham or Joseph Maloratsky (Mordechai's uncle), who immigrated to America at the beginning of the 20th century. (See www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com. Chapter 1, Part 1). Thus, Mordechai was "hooked" by the Soviet authorities not only as a "dispossessed", but also as a recipient of foreign currency. Perhaps that is why Mordechai chose the address of Brocha's "secret" apartment for financial transactions with relatives abroad.
Obviously, the transfers were sent by Mordechai's relatives: his sister Chava or the children of Abraham or Joseph Maloratsky (Mordechai's uncle), who immigrated to America at the beginning of the 20th century. (See www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com. Chapter 1, Part 1). Thus, Mordechai was "hooked" by the Soviet authorities not only as a "dispossessed", but also as a recipient of foreign currency. Perhaps that is why Mordechai chose the address of Brocha's "secret" apartment for financial transactions with relatives abroad.
By this time, the three daughters of Mordechai had already arranged their personal lives. The only son in the Maloratsky family, German, could potentially be affected by his father's connection with abroad. At this time, the fate of German was being decided. He, as the son of a "disenfranchised", did not have the right to go to college, and therefore joined the Red Army, which allowed him to later bypass existing restrictions (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 3).
|
German Maloratsky,
Red Army, Art. Kubinka (Moscow), 1.02.1934 |
The next from the list of "unreliable" is Moisei Srulevich Kagansky (brother of Chana, Mordechai's wife).
Moisei Kagansky in 1918 was the owner of the first tannery and oak mill in the city of Radomysl, which employed 55 people! For comparison, according to the "Business catalog of the city of Radomysl in 1913." (see earlier), it only worked for him 5 people In five years, the number of workers has increased 10 times!
There was a special need for leather goods during the First World War and the Civil War.
In 1928, Moisei (Moshko)*) Kagansky "fled" from the persecution of the Bolsheviks to
Palestine**), leaving his wife Dvora and five daughters in Russia. After about 3 years, his wife with three daughters Esther, Chiva and Zhenya tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British services restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, Dvora with her three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, contacted the smugglers, who handed them over to the British. Moisei Kagansky, in the end, achieved their release and the reunification of the Kagansky family.
Palestine**), leaving his wife Dvora and five daughters in Russia. After about 3 years, his wife with three daughters Esther, Chiva and Zhenya tried to reunite with the father of the family. At that time, British services restricted the entry of Jews into Palestine. Therefore, Dvora with her three daughters made a very difficult journey through Damascus, Beirut, contacted the smugglers, who handed them over to the British. Moisei Kagansky, in the end, achieved their release and the reunification of the Kagansky family.
*) Usually, names were entered in registers of births in a common form, which distorted biblical and other commonly used names and gave them either a derogatory or affectionate character, and parents demanded that a diminutive name be given to the child at home; Moshko, Shliomka, Surka and others replaced Moses, Sarah, etc.
Osip Rabinovich, in the sensational article “On Moshki and Ioski” (“Odessky Vestnik”, 1858), pointed out that pejorative names came into use during their stay in Poland: out of pleasing to the pans, the Jews allowed them to use those names , which are pleasant in the mouth of a mother or a beloved woman, but which fell from the lips of the pan, like a contemptuous nickname (Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron).
Thus, the common name Moshko replaced the holy name Moisei. Moshko, is a derivative form of the name Moshe. It means "saved from the water" in Hebrew. This name belongs to the founder of Judaism, the legislator and prophet, who rallied the Israelite tribes into a single nation. Moses led the Jews out of Egypt.
Osip Rabinovich, in the sensational article “On Moshki and Ioski” (“Odessky Vestnik”, 1858), pointed out that pejorative names came into use during their stay in Poland: out of pleasing to the pans, the Jews allowed them to use those names , which are pleasant in the mouth of a mother or a beloved woman, but which fell from the lips of the pan, like a contemptuous nickname (Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron).
Thus, the common name Moshko replaced the holy name Moisei. Moshko, is a derivative form of the name Moshe. It means "saved from the water" in Hebrew. This name belongs to the founder of Judaism, the legislator and prophet, who rallied the Israelite tribes into a single nation. Moses led the Jews out of Egypt.
**) Why to Palestine, and not to America, where the previous pre-revolutionary emigration of Jews from the Russian Empire was directed: http://www.choim.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/9.pdf. The movement to stop or restrict immigration, especially Jewish, reached its greatest extent in the United States immediately after World War I, when isolationist and nationalist sentiments, xenophobia and fears that left-wing political radicalism, which became widespread after 1917, sharply increased in the country, Europe (the Jews were considered its main carriers), will spread to the United States.
Under the influence of such sentiments, the US Congress introduced the first immigration quotas already in 1921, setting a limit on the number of immigrants: no more than 3% per year of the total number of immigrants from the corresponding country (immigrants and their children) who lived in the USA in 1910. And through a few years later the tightening of these restrictions followed, and in 1925 the quotas were lowered to 2% of the size of the corresponding group of immigrants. This is what we find in the Emigrant magazine filed in the archives, the first issue of which was published in the USSR on October 1, 1923. This journal was the official organ of the Emigration Bureau under the Department of the People's Commissariat of Nationalities and the Evobshchestkom. Section "Foreign Chronicle". “The December session of the American Congress will discuss a new immigration bill (bill). From reliable sources we are told that the American Immigration Inspectorate is preparing materials in the sense of restricting the entry of Jews into America. Representative of the Congressional Immigration Commission, Senator Johnson, will insist on restricting the entry of Eastern peoples, as if they are an undesirable element for America.
Under the influence of such sentiments, the US Congress introduced the first immigration quotas already in 1921, setting a limit on the number of immigrants: no more than 3% per year of the total number of immigrants from the corresponding country (immigrants and their children) who lived in the USA in 1910. And through a few years later the tightening of these restrictions followed, and in 1925 the quotas were lowered to 2% of the size of the corresponding group of immigrants. This is what we find in the Emigrant magazine filed in the archives, the first issue of which was published in the USSR on October 1, 1923. This journal was the official organ of the Emigration Bureau under the Department of the People's Commissariat of Nationalities and the Evobshchestkom. Section "Foreign Chronicle". “The December session of the American Congress will discuss a new immigration bill (bill). From reliable sources we are told that the American Immigration Inspectorate is preparing materials in the sense of restricting the entry of Jews into America. Representative of the Congressional Immigration Commission, Senator Johnson, will insist on restricting the entry of Eastern peoples, as if they are an undesirable element for America.
The next on the list of "unreliable" is Yankel Srulevich Kagansky (brother of Chana and Moisey Kagansky)
The above card was registered on October 22, 1918 in the administration of the Provincial Starosta of the Ukrainian State E.P. Ryabtsev, who from 1917 to 1919 was the head of the administration of the Kiev province. |
This 1867 map (http://freemap.com.ua/karty-ukrainy/karty-dvuxverstovki/karty-dvuxverstovki-kvadrat-29-27) shows three tanneries in the Sucharka area with triangles: one of them belonged to our ancestor Yankel Kagansky.
In the city of Radomyshl and its environs, mainly on Sukharka, there were about 30 commercial and industrial leather enterprises and chinbaren *), each of them employed 5-8 hired workers. Especially they were further developed during the First World War of 1914-1918. Chinbarniy fishing in the city was traditional. Depending on the dressing technology, various types of leather were made: yuft, bilche, chrome, soles and other products that were in great demand. *) Chinbarnya - a handicraft enterprise (workshop) for processing (tanning) leather |
In 1918, Yakov Kagansky was "the owner of a tannery and an oak grinder on the farm of Sukharka, Radomysl district"; 10 people worked at the plant. Information from Arnold Kholodenko: "Yakov Kagansky, being a deeply religious man, at the beginning of World War II refused to evacuate Kiev with his family, referring to his experience of interacting with the "civilized" German army in 1918-1919*) People of the older generation, to which Yakov Kagansky belonged, recalled the occupation of the territory of Ukraine by German troops in 1918: “The Germans then put an end to the Jewish pogroms, put things in relative order, we lived with them more or less calmly,” some said. “The Germans are a cultured nation, they will not offend Jews,” others said. “We must urgently drop everything and run,” said the third. As a result, Jacob, Etl, Rachel, Rebecca, who remained in Kiev, died in Babi Yar.
*) The document http://www.choim.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/9.pdf states: "The pogrom movement against the Jews in 1917-1920 was attended by the peasantry and the masses of soldiers of all armies and regimes : soldiers of the former tsarist army; Ukrainian peasantry and troops of the Ukrainian Rada, Hetman and Directory; Red Army soldiers and partisans of the Red Army; officers and soldiers of the Volunteer Army (Denikin); Polish troops ... Organized units of the “Free Cossacks”, “Sich Riflemen” and “Haydamaks” of the Ukrainian Rada and Directory, gangs of Ukrainian “batek-atamans” and “officer regiments” of Denikin distinguished themselves with especially terrible Jewish pogroms and massacres of Jews. there were no Germans..
Photo of Jews in a street in Radomysl, Ukraine, [post WW I, ca. 1918].
At the end of February 1918, German troops entered the city, which, according to an agreement with the UNR, helped liberate Ukraine from the Bolshevik invasion. The activity of the UCR is being restored in the city, and not for long. Dissatisfied with the Central Rada, the German command dispersed it on April 29, 1918, replacing it with the government of Hetman Skoropadsky. The soldier standing with a gun is obviously a German soldier. |
Die Juden von Radomysl (von Russen zerstörte Häuser) c.1915 WW1
Jews of Radomysl (houses destroyed by Russians) 1915 World War I |
Completing the list of our unreliable ancestors, we present four more documents of our ancestors:
The cited documents of "persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable" for the period from 1913 to 1932 included the column "Political past": "desire to go abroad", "receiving parcels from abroad", "ownership of a factory", " receiving money orders from New York.
1.5 Meeting of the Maloratsky descendants through three generations
(way from m. Malin (Russian Empire) to the city of Kfar Saba (Israel)
In the town of Malin in 1907, Chaim Maloratsky (b. 1847) parted with his brothers Joseph
(d. 1894) and Abraham (b. 1859) Maloratsky (sons of Mordechai Chaimovich Maloratsky
(1822 -1871) . Three brothers largely determined the fate of our ancestors. Two brothers Abraham and Joseph immigrated to America, and Chaim, who remained in the Russian Empire, was the ancestor of our family (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1). The two brothers went to America on a steamboat. Their way to America lay through Brody and control sanitary stations on the border with Prussia to Hamburg and Bremen. From here began a two-week voyage. They were then greeted by the Ellis Island federal immigration station, the largest gateway to the United States.
Three siblings Chaim, Abracham and Joseph Maloratsky called their first-born children religious Hebrew the name Mordechai*)(in memory of the deceased grandfather of newborns), which later transformed into various assimilated names: Chaim's son became Mark (1872-1942), Abraham's son became Max (1879-1945), and Joseph's son became Motel (1877-1956) :
*) Of course, this is due to the fact that the Jews have an ancient custom to name children by the names of deceased relatives - father, mother, grandmother, etc. This is based on the injunction of the Torah, which states that the names of the dead should not be erased from the memory of the people of Israel. But the fact that all three brothers named their sons by the same name obviously speaks of the personality of their father (our great-great-grandfather Mordechai Chaimovich (1822-1871)).
cousins:
Mordechai (Mark) MALORATSKY
b: 1872 in Malin, Russia d: 1942 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan |
Mordechai (Max) MALORATSKY
b: 1879 in Malin, Russia d: 1945 in New York, USA |
Mordechai (Max, Motel) MALORATSKY b: 1877 in Malin, Russia d: 1956 in Newark, New Jersey, USA (son of Joseph Maloratsky and Rivka Malka (Molly) Haskelevna) Residence: 1910 • Newark Ward 14, Essex, New Jersey, USA |
Mordechai (Mordche, Max) Maloratsky arrived in America on February 1, 1907, leaving his family in the town of Malin Radomysl district.
*) Suffolk Street is located in the Lower East Side area. The bulk of immigrants who arrived in New York in the late 19th and early 20th centuries settled in tenement houses on the Lower East Side. At that time, in the New York area of the Lower East Side, whose area is about 4.5 square meters. km. in 1915 there were 350,000 Jews. They were distinguished by a low level of housing construction (often they were real slums), unsanitary conditions, and a high crime rate. Here they lived in overcrowded apartment buildings - dark stuffy and dirty.
**) “peddler”: the second most important area of employment (after sewing) of new immigrants was petty trade, including peddling (unlike peddling (peddler) of the mid-19th century, it was carried out mainly within the same city or even district). The customers of small merchants were almost exclusively residents of the Jewish quarters. Peddlers were engaged in small retail trade on the streets, where they spent 5-6 hours selling clothes, shoes, hats, cosmetics, small household items of good quality at quite low prices. Many of them subsequently managed to become shop owners and climb the steps of the social ladder.
**) “peddler”: the second most important area of employment (after sewing) of new immigrants was petty trade, including peddling (unlike peddling (peddler) of the mid-19th century, it was carried out mainly within the same city or even district). The customers of small merchants were almost exclusively residents of the Jewish quarters. Peddlers were engaged in small retail trade on the streets, where they spent 5-6 hours selling clothes, shoes, hats, cosmetics, small household items of good quality at quite low prices. Many of them subsequently managed to become shop owners and climb the steps of the social ladder.
After 6 years, the family of Mordechai Maloratsky in August 1913 arrived in New York on the ship Noordam, all in the same "place that cannot be changed", where Mordechai had already settled and began to work by that time.
The descendants of Joseph and Abraham left for the United States. Chaim's descendants immigrated to Israel only two generations later. The diagram below shows only those ancestors (descendants of Joseph and Chaim) who, after four generations, found each other and met in a small town in Israel. The probability of such an event is negligible, but, nevertheless, it happened.
In 1907 Joseph's family left for America. After 100 years, an incredible meeting of the descendants of Chaim and Joseph took place in the small Israeli city of Kfar Sava. This city is located in the Central District in the southern part of the Sharon Valley and is located about 10 km north of Petah Tikva and 15 km from Tel Aviv.
Joseph (Iosif) Maloratsky
(brother of Abraham and Chaim)
The diagram of the generations 6 - 7 of Joseph Maloratsky
1890 - 1930
(brother of Abraham and Chaim)
The diagram of the generations 6 - 7 of Joseph Maloratsky
1890 - 1930
Maloratsky and Radomyslsky: Maloratsky and Shechter:
Chaim Maloratsky (b. 1849) .................................. ........Joseph Maloratsky (since 1894)
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky(1872-1942)........... Mordechai (Motel, Max) Maloratsky(1877-1956)
The absence of the eldest son of Chaim, our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, in the above Census List is due to the fact that at the time of the census of the inhabitants of Malin in 1897, he lived in Radomysl with his family. Chaim named his first son (our grandfather) Mordechai in honor of his father, who had died by that time Mordechai Chaimovich.
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In the 7th paragraph of the registration card is indicated Mrs. Mary Schecter - daughter of Motel (Max) MALORATSKY
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Rachil Radomyslsky (Maloratsky) ..............................Mary (Meriam) Shechter (Maloratsky)
(1895-1971) (1903-1979)
(daughter of Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky). (daughter of Mordechai (Motel) Maloratsky, wife of Isidor Shekhter)
Meriam (Mary) arrived in America in 1912 at the age of 9 (see above document), while her second cousin Rachil (1895-1971) lived in Radomysl (Russian Empire). In 1974, Rachil's daughter Faina immigrated from Kiev (USSR) to Israel, where Meriam's descendants moved from the USA.
Faina (Nyusya) Miroshnik (Radomyslsky)..................................Jack Schechter
(b.1924) (b.1922)
(daughter of Rachil Radomislsky) (son of Mary Schechter)
(b.1924) (b.1922)
(daughter of Rachil Radomislsky) (son of Mary Schechter)
Misha Shauli (Radomyslsky).............................................Ruben Schechter
(b.1948) (b. 1963)
(Faina's son) Jack's son
As follows from this diagram, two cousins appear in two branches: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (our grandfather) and Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky (b. 1879) Information about the family of Mordechai (Mark) is detailed in Chapter 1, Part 2 of the Genealogy www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com. But his cousin Max (Max), about whom we knew little before, was a "find" for us, revealing the religious origin of the Maloratskys:
https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=60525&h=138663797&indiv=try&o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&rhSource=1411 https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?dbid=1411&h=937239&indiv=try&o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&rhSource=60525 Name: Max Maloratsky
Death Date: 18 Jan 1956 (age 77) Cemetery: Grove Street Hebrew Cemetery Burial or Cremation Place: Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States of America Hebrew name: Mordechai ben (son of Yosef ha Cohen) Age 77 Beloved father Spouse: Clara Maloratsky Children: Rose Davidson URL: https://www.findagrave.com/mem... |
The palms on the monument of Max Maloratsky, which are folded in a special gesture of blessing (velvet - kohanim), are traditionally carved on the tombstone of a high-ranking religious dignitary - kohen. This symbol indicates that the Maloratskys were cohens*).
*) There is a complex social hierarchy within the Jewish community, including social statuses acquired by birth. The latter included the class of kohens (kogans), who traced their genealogy from Abraham (Aaron) and were priests. They had a high social status, and on their gravestones one can see images of two hands with specially folded fingers (two each). This is nothing more than a sign of ritual blessing. Another such group is the Levites, the descendants of the Levi clan. Traditionally, they help in worship and, in particular, bring a jug of water to the kohen for the ritual washing of hands. Therefore, on their gravestones you can see the image of the same jug.
Even if the Jewish surname does not look like the original "cohen" (as in the case of the Maloratskys), it may be related to him. A learned talmudist or a simple tailor or merchant could turn out to be a Cohen or a Levite in exile, but each of them was known for this status in his community. In exile, the Jewish communities carefully kept track of who they had - an Israelite, who was a Levite, and who was a Kohen - so that when the Messiah came and the Jerusalem temple was rebuilt, they would know who to perform the corresponding duties. https://mnenia.zahav.ru/Articles/12555/samie_drevnie_familii_kto_takie_coeni_i_levit
Even if the Jewish surname does not look like the original "cohen" (as in the case of the Maloratskys), it may be related to him. A learned talmudist or a simple tailor or merchant could turn out to be a Cohen or a Levite in exile, but each of them was known for this status in his community. In exile, the Jewish communities carefully kept track of who they had - an Israelite, who was a Levite, and who was a Kohen - so that when the Messiah came and the Jerusalem temple was rebuilt, they would know who to perform the corresponding duties. https://mnenia.zahav.ru/Articles/12555/samie_drevnie_familii_kto_takie_coeni_i_levit
Another evidence that the Maloratskys were cohens:
As follows from the above diagram, Barry Maloratsky was the great-grandson of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky and the great-nephew of Meriam Maloratsky (Shechter), whose family is the next incredible meeting. Meriam Maloratsky (Shechter) (1903-1979) was the second cousin of Rachil Maloratsky (Radomyslsky) (1895-1971) (see the diagram above).
93 years later (three generations) after the separation of the brothers Chaim and Joseph, in 2005 an incredible meeting of their descendants took place in the small city of Israel, Kfar Sava. This Israeli city is located in the Central District in the southern part of the Sharon Valley and is located about 10 km north of Petah Tikva and 15 km from Tel Aviv. The ancestors of two cousins Mordechai (Mark) (our grandfather) and Mordechai (Max) (6th generation) appeared in the city of Kfar Sava in different ways and at different times.
The family of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky (6th generation) initially emigrated in 1912 from the village of Malin, Radomysl district (Russian Empire) to America, and then moved to Israel. The heirs of Mark Maloratsky (Faina Radomyslsky and her son Misha Shauli, Monya Radomyslsky and his daughter Inna Klein) (8th - 9th generations) moved from the USSR to Israel only at the end of the 20th century. For all this time, they did not know about the existence of each other:
The family of Mordechai (Max) Maloratsky (6th generation) initially emigrated in 1912 from the village of Malin, Radomysl district (Russian Empire) to America, and then moved to Israel. The heirs of Mark Maloratsky (Faina Radomyslsky and her son Misha Shauli, Monya Radomyslsky and his daughter Inna Klein) (8th - 9th generations) moved from the USSR to Israel only at the end of the 20th century. For all this time, they did not know about the existence of each other:
from left to right: Inna Klein (Radomyslsky), Naomi Klein, Talma Shauli (wife of Misha Shauli), Faina Miroshnik (Radomyslsky), Anna Shechter (wife of Ruben Shechter), Ruben Shechter, Hila Shechter, Rachel Shechter, Jonathan Shechter,
Kfar Sava, Israel, 2005
Kfar Sava, Israel, 2005
The town of Malin is "twinned" with the town of Kfar Sava:
Siblings Chaim (b. 1847) and Joseph(d.1894) The Maloratskys lived in the town of Malin, Zhytomyr district, Kiev province of the Russian Empire.
Malin 1918
History: The official history of Malin goes back over 1100 years The name of the city comes from the name of the daughter of the Jew Malk Lubechanin Malusha, who was enslaved by Princess Olga and, thanks to her nobility, received an important position as a housekeeper at the Kiev court. Olga's son, Svyatoslav, fell in love with Malusha, the Drevlyanian princess, and later a son was born, in the future Prince Vladimir of Kiev. The Baptist of Russia, St. Vladimir the Red Sun, called himself that precisely because he was hated in Russia then more than anyone else, especially for forced baptism. And here, it would seem, is a paradoxical situation in Russian religious history: the baptism of Russia in Kiev was carried out by Vladimir, whose mother Malusha was Jewish.
www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com In 1938, the shtetl of Malin was classified as a city of district subordination.
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Translated from Hebrew moshava*) Kfar Sava - "grandfather's village", which, ironically, corresponds to the above diagram, from which it follows that the brothers Chaim and Joseph (from Malin (19th century)) are the great-grandfathers of their descendants (photo above) who found themselves in Kfar Sava at the end of the 20th century.
Kfar Saba 1913
History: The name is mentioned in the writings of Josephus Flavius and in the Talmud as a settlement from the time of the Second Temple. Near the city center, archaeologists have discovered the remains of Roman buildings from that period. In 1892, Edmond Rothschild purchased the first land plots on the territory of the present city for the vine and citrus plantations of the first settlers. In 1913, the first 12 houses of Kfar Saba were built (see photo above). *) Moshav (Hebrew מוֹשָׁבָה, lit. “colony, settlement”) is a type of Jewish agricultural settlement in Palestine. According to the 1922 census in Palestine, the population of Kfar Saba was 14 Jews. According to the 1931 census, it grew to 1,405 inhabitants.
In 1962, Kfar Sava's moshav status became obsolete and it was granted city status with a local council head.
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1.6 Photographer, writer and tangero find common ancestors
MALORATSKY:
These diagrams illustrate how four generations after the separation of the brothers Mordechai (b. 1822) and Avrum (b. 1810) Maloratsky, their descendants met Leo (b. 1939), Artem (b. 1971) Maloratsky (descendants of Mordechai) and Igor Maloratsky (b. 1959) (descendant of Avrum). A little background on this unusual story (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com): The weekly Russian Courier*) was published in the American Russian-language press. And then, one day, Nina Shevchenko (wife of Bova Sagalov, cousin of Leo Maloratsky) called us and said that a photograph appeared on the cover of this weekly, taken by a previously unknown photographer Igor Maloratsky.
*) The circulation of the "Russian Courier" in New York was no more than 20 thousand copies, its monthly advertising income reached 100-120 thousand dollars.
At that time we were making the first attempts to study our genealogy. And therefore, Leo Maloratsky called the publishing house of the weekly and found out Igor's phone number. The first contacts with our alleged relative did not lead to anything. A side effect was a creative contact between professional photographer Igor Maloratsky*) and Argentine tango (tangero) dancer Artem Maloratsky**), which resulted in a poster (photo below) that can be bought at kiosks near Central Park in New York:
*) Igor Maloratsky was born in St. Petersburg (USSR) in 1959. He was interested in fine arts from a young age, he first started taking photographs at the institute. He later moved to Moscow where he became an art dealer and gallery owner. In 1991 Igor moved to New York and fell in love with the city. He shot in black and white, which emphasized the simplicity and beauty of the images. and color, warm and touching. His beautiful photographs of New York can be found in art galleries, museum exhibitions. You can see all of his work at www.nyposter.com.
**) Artem Maloratsky was born in Moscow (USSR) in 1971. In 1988 he graduated from mathematical school #57. In the same year, he immigrated with his family to the United States. In 1989 he entered MIT (Boston). After graduation, he worked as a teacher. I became interested in Argentine tango on a professional level (see www.tiomamaloratskytango.com www.tangoprinciples.org).
Further contacts with, Igor and is parents and relatives, as well as the study of archival materials made it possible to establish the connections indicated in the above diagram. In fact, the virtual meeting of Igor Maloratsky with Leo Maloratsky (the father of Artem) took place much earlier (~ 1978). Before immigrating to America, Igor studied at LETI (Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute of Communications), where one day a professor approached him, an unlucky student (information from Igor). With words expressing reproach for his disinterested attitude to the subject, he showed the book of his “namesake” (see photo below), about the author of which Igor naturally knew nothing. And now, after almost a quarter of a century, already in America, a telephone conversation took place between, as it turned out, relatives Igor Maloratsky and Leo Maloratsky, the author of that very book.
1976 Microminiaturization of microwave elements and devices L.G.Maloratsky The main attention is paid to the design of microwave integrated circuits, the characteristics of materials are given, and the simplest and more complex elements and assemblies are considered. The book is intended for engineers and designers working in the field of microminiaturization of microwave equipment, as well as graduate students and senior students of universities. http://www.twirpx.com/file/101071/ |
1.7 Virtual meeting of Maloratsky and Mallor
The census sheet of shtetl Malin during the First All-Russian census of the population of 1897:
The family of Avrum (Abraham) Morduchovich Maloratsky (b. 1859), who immigrated from the town of Malin (Russian Empire) to America in 1917, having parted with his brother, our great-grandfather Chaim (b. 1847). The composition of the Abraham family: wife Etya Rivka Iwonsky (b. 1859), sons Mordechai (later Max, b. 1879) with his wife Libi Devorska, Michel (b. 1884), Zisel (later Samuel, b. 1891), Judah (b. 1890), Rashmiel (later Harry, b. 1894) with his wife Eva Petecki (b. 1896) and daughter Chava (later Eva, b. 1888), Haika (later Ida, b. 1895). So, the first story is connected with the son of Abraham Rashmiel (Harry)
(see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1):
Abraham Maloratsky (1859-1950)
... Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky (1894-1972)
... Abraham Mallor (Maloratsky) (1917-2006)
... Judy Mallor (b. 1942)
Howard Lewin and his wife Judy Mallor (great-granddaughter of Abraham Maloratsky), who were born and live in America, found the Maloratsky family (descendants of Chaim) who arrived in America. As it turns out, Judy Mallor is Leo's fourth cousin. Howard and Judy, who were involved in the geneology of the Maloratsky family, discovered their relatives according to the documents of newcomers to America. Later they helped in the reconstruction of our geneology. Judy's grandfather - Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky was the cousin of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky. Both of them were born in Malin.
Rashmiel (Harry) Avrumovich Maloratsky, Birth Year (Estimated) 1894, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, Marriage 20 Feb 1917 Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, Age 23; Spouse's Name Eva Piotetsky, Age 21, Birth Year (Estimated) 1896, Birthplace Malin, Ukraine, children: Abracham (Abe) Maloratsky (b.1917), Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky (b.1926).
Source: https://familysearch.org/search/record/resultscount=75&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~
Maloratsky: Maloratsky and Mallor:
Chaim Maloratsky (b.1849)*) ............................Abracham Maloratsky(b.1859)
Chaim Maloratsky (b.1849)*) ............................Abracham Maloratsky(b.1859)
Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky ..................................Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
(1872-1942) (1894-1972)
(son of Chaim Maloratsky) (son of Abraham Maloratsky)
At the age of 23, Rashmiel Maloratsky and his family moved from Malin to America in February 1911:
German Maloratsky ............................................Abraham (El) Mallor (Maloratsky)
(1910-1941 гг.) (1917-2006 гг.)
(son of Mark Maloratsky) (son of Rashmiel Maloratsky)
Perhaps the original synagogue record of the name was Heinrich (a Hebrew name), which is directly related (according to Male names - Bader index: http://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=2060) with the name Chaim (frequently found in genus Maloratsky). In Soviet times, when issuing a birth certificate, the name given by the rabbi (Heinrich or Chaim) was transferred to German. In the chart below, the name Chaim (highlighted in blue) repeats through a generation.
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*) Мэллор(Eng. Mallor) is an English surname of Dutch origin. For many emigrants, entry into American reality began with a change in personal names and surnames. Some chose names in the English manner so that others could pronounce and learn them more easily, others - to be closer to Native Americans (Maloratsky on Mallor), others - to speed up their integration. So, starting from the 7th generation, the surname Maloratsky disappeared from the descendants of Abraham, which was changed to the surname Mallor.
The name "Al" is primarily a male name of English origin, meaning "short for names beginning with "AL". In our case, "Abraham" matches only the first letter? Obviously, the name "Ab" is not in use. But before you change your name to "Al", Abraham may have taken the name "Abe" (Hebrew name). Thus, our ancestor Abraham Maloratsky changed not only his first name, but also his last name: Abraham Maloratsky to Al Mallor. |
*) Information about Chaim Maloratsky (b.1849):
According to the "First General Population Census of the Russian Empire of 1897" at m. Malin, the family of Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky was (see below) from the "master" Chaim Morduchovich, who at the time of the census (1897) was 50 years old (b.1847), the wife of Gisya Freiga at the time of the census of 47 years (b.1850), the son of Hershko Chaimovich at the time of the census of 12 years (b.1885), the daughter of Cipa Chaimovna at the time of the census of 21 (b.1876), the daughter of Chava Chaimovna at the time of the census of 16 years (b.1881). By the time of the census, two children of Chaim: daughter Rachel and son Mordechai (Mark) were already outside of Malin. Presumably, Mordechai had already moved to Radomysl, where he married Chana Kagansky.
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"The first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897"
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Form of Questionnaire of a resident of Malina
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1880 Verification of trade and industrial establishments of Radomyshl, Tarashchansky and Chigirinsky districts of the Kiev region(document found by Ilia Goldfarb):
Highlighted from the above document: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
# Month What institution belongs Who is in production According to what certificate, Marks about
date and where it is located. institution. trade, industry, or whence, when and for what # property and
who manages the handicrafts issued, produces the amount of trade
institution. bargaining, fishing, or craft. and fishing.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
November In the m. Malin
132 19 small shop *) Chaim on ticket # 655 Jun 30th Minor
Meshch. Chaim Maloratsky on the petty trade # 65530
Maloratsky 30 June
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
*) Due to the lack of work, every third Jew in the Pale was engaged in petty trade in shops or peddling. One shop accounted for, on average, twenty to thirty residents (in the inner provinces, by a hundred or two), and the working capital in Jewish shops often amounted to two or three rubles. Because of the fierce competition, Jews sold goods at lower prices, and therefore the cost of basic necessities within the Pale of Settlement was lower than in the inner provinces. Lacking sufficient capital, the Jewish merchants tried to increase the number of transactions in order to quickly gain the money invested and put them back into circulation. This gave their trade flexibility and mobility; they were actively looking for a buyer and penetrated the most distant places.
http://www.istok.ru/library/206-ocherki-vremen-i-sobytiy-3-chast-tretya-s-1882-po-1920-god.html
http://www.istok.ru/library/206-ocherki-vremen-i-sobytiy-3-chast-tretya-s-1882-po-1920-god.html
From the cited archival documents it follows that Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky was the last of our kind who was engaged in trade. His children: the son of Mordechai (Mark) (our grandfather) was engaged in the manufacture of leather goods in Radomysl, the daughters of Tsipa and Chava worked at the Malinsky paper mill.
The list is the faces of the Jews of the parishioners of the Great Prayer School near the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish Compiled in January 1895: We below described the Kiev province of Radomysl district Jews, residents of Malin. The parishioners of the above prayer house were collected by members of the religious board in two thirds in cash of the parishioners of this school who had the bluest voting rights ... about police station 14 of Radomysl district presented to us, which is 26 this February. in Radomysl, elections are being held to elect a county state rabbi, to which the county authorities demand that two people be elected from our county borough and from every house of worship to participate in the add-elections. That is why they unanimously sentenced two trustworthy trustworthy people from among our parishioners, namely Leiser Mun Moruhovich Moruhovsky and Berko Iosifovich Dukler, on whom we are obliged to appear on the 26th of February this year to participate in such elections according to their opinion and that they are legitimately in charge of arguing and reject we will not, this sentence is signed by ours and for witnessing and sending to where it should be, we have the honor to introduce the petty bourgeois: |
This is the old synagogue of Beil Hamedrish in Malin. In 1895, there were 3 prayer houses in Malin: "Big Prayer School, standing near the Beil-Gamedrish synagogue", "Prayer house at the house of Gdal Tversky", "Ben Medrosh Prayer School".
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......................................
3. Maloratsky Chaim (signature)
..................................
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8E.pdf
p.71-72
The verdict of the Hebrews of the Malinsky Big Prayer School, consisting at the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish of 1895 February:
We, the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd, Kiev, the village of Malin. The parishioners of the Big Prayer School gathered this number of members of the religious board to the said school in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners ... ............. The verdict was signed by the commoners:
..............................
Kh.Maloratsky (signature)
.....................
(40 people in total)
3. Maloratsky Chaim (signature)
..................................
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8E.pdf
p.71-72
The verdict of the Hebrews of the Malinsky Big Prayer School, consisting at the synagogue called Bale – Hamedrish of 1895 February:
We, the undersigned Jews of the province of Radomysl uyezd, Kiev, the village of Malin. The parishioners of the Big Prayer School gathered this number of members of the religious board to the said school in the amount of two-thirds of the cash parishioners ... ............. The verdict was signed by the commoners:
..............................
Kh.Maloratsky (signature)
.....................
(40 people in total)
Information about Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky
The following is an archive document (found by Ilia Goldfarb) concerning our direct relatives: the great-grandfathers of Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky, the grandfather of Mordechai (Mark) Chaimovich Maloratsky and his family in 1903:
"Kiev State Chamber. Branch 1. Table 3. September 25, 1903, No. 54697, Kiev.
Malinsky Meshchansky Council of Radomysl district.
The State Chamber informs the Meshchansky Board of Directors to report on August 4, 1903. For number 1205, that by a decree on September 25, 1903, from the second half of 1903 to the Malinsky Bourgeois families are written:
1) …
18) Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky son Morduch with his wife Chana and children: Ruchel, Sarah, Chaika and Wolf.
...
23) ...
In this case, the Chamber adds that other members of families are left without assignment until the submission of metrics regarding wives — about marriage with them, and regarding children — about their birth. In order to recite Strokovsky, it is necessary to submit to the Chamber in addition to other documents, also what order of the Chamber about the assignment of their ancestors to Malinsky commoners.
For the head of the department V. Kerbitsky, For the accountant / signature / ... "
It should be noted that Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky with his family has long lived in Malin. And his son Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (after marrying Chana Kagansky) and his family lived in Radomysl, as evidenced by earlier archival documents. Why did you need the status of the townspeople of the town of Malin Mordechai and his family can only guess. Obviously, this was due to the leather business of Mordechai Chaimovich and, perhaps, to tax restrictions (?).
Malinsky Meshchansky Council of Radomysl district.
The State Chamber informs the Meshchansky Board of Directors to report on August 4, 1903. For number 1205, that by a decree on September 25, 1903, from the second half of 1903 to the Malinsky Bourgeois families are written:
1) …
18) Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky son Morduch with his wife Chana and children: Ruchel, Sarah, Chaika and Wolf.
...
23) ...
In this case, the Chamber adds that other members of families are left without assignment until the submission of metrics regarding wives — about marriage with them, and regarding children — about their birth. In order to recite Strokovsky, it is necessary to submit to the Chamber in addition to other documents, also what order of the Chamber about the assignment of their ancestors to Malinsky commoners.
For the head of the department V. Kerbitsky, For the accountant / signature / ... "
It should be noted that Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky with his family has long lived in Malin. And his son Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky (after marrying Chana Kagansky) and his family lived in Radomysl, as evidenced by earlier archival documents. Why did you need the status of the townspeople of the town of Malin Mordechai and his family can only guess. Obviously, this was due to the leather business of Mordechai Chaimovich and, perhaps, to tax restrictions (?).
Information about Abracham Maloratsky (b.1859):
Avrum (Abracham) Maloratsky (b.1859)
Diagram of generations 6 - 7 of Avrum (Abracham) Maloratsky
(Chaim Maloratsky's cousin, father of our grand-father Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky):
Diagram of generations 6 - 7 of Avrum (Abracham) Maloratsky
(Chaim Maloratsky's cousin, father of our grand-father Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky):
According to the "First General Population Census of the Russian Empire of 1897" in Malin, the family of Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky was (see below) from the "master" of Avrum Morduchovich, who at the time of the census (1897) was 38 years old (b.1859), the wives of these Rivka at the time of the census of 36 years (b.1861), the son of Morduch Avrumovich at the time of the 17th census (b.1880), the son of Michel Avrumovich at the time of the census of 13 years (b.1884), the son of Zusya Avrumovich at the time of the census of 8 years (b.1889), the son of Yudko Avrumovich at the time of the census of 4 years (b.1893), the son of Rachmiel Avrumovich at the time of the census of 3 years (b.1894) daughter of Chava Avramovna at the time of the census of 9 years (b.1888), daughter Chaika Avramovna at the time of the census of 2 years (b.1895). Avrum Morduchovich was engaged in the trade in petty goods:
According to the "First general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897" in the town of Malin, the family of Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky consisted (see above) of the "owner" Avrum Morduchovich, who at the time of the census (1897) was 38 years old (b: 1859), wife Eti Rivka at the time of the census 36 years old (b: 1861), son Morduch Avrumovich at the time of the census 17 years old (b: 1880), son Michel Avrumovich at the time of the census 13 years old (b: 1884), son of Zusya Avrumovich at the time of the census 8 years (b: 1889), son of Yudko Avrumovich at the time of the census 4 years (b: 1893), son of Rachmiel Avrumovich at the time of the census 3 years (b: 1894 ) daughter of Chava Avrumovna at the time of the census 9 years old (b: 1888), daughter of Chaika Avrumovna at the time of the census 2 years old (b: 1895). Avrum Morduchovich was engaged in trade in small goods.
ЗУСЬ = ЗИСЕЛЬ (ZUSMAN) = SAM
Information about Rashmiel Maloratsky:
Information about Rashmiel Maloratsky:
At the age of 23, Rashmiel Maloratsky and his family moved from Malin to America in September 1911:
At the age of 23, Rashmiel Maloratsky and his family moved from Malin to America in September 1911:
*) In this case, the name Maloretzki was recorded as heard and understood by an American official. As our studies have shown, the Maloratskys, who came to America at the beginning of the 20th century, acquired various variants of surnames:
Maloratsky, Maloritzke, Maloratzky, Maloradzki, Malorazky, Malerodski, Maloretzki,
Malloretz, Miller, Mallor.
*) In this case, the name Maloretzki was recorded as heard and understood by an American official. As our studies have shown, the Maloratskys, who came to America at the beginning of the 20th century, acquired various variants of surnames:
Maloratsky, Maloritzke, Maloratzky, Maloradzki, Malorazky, Malerodski, Maloretzki,
Malloretz, Miller, Mallor.
Registration card of Harry (Rashmiel) Maloratsky:
Information about Abracham Maloratsky (b.1917):
In 1917 (the year of arrival in America), the first child was born in the Rashmiel family - a son, who was named Abracham. Obviously, by the time of his birth, his grandfather had already died and, according to Jewish tradition, the grandfather's name was given to the firstborn. Abracham Maloratsky (1917-2006) later changed his first and last name to Al Mallor.
*) Mallor (Eng. Mallor) is an English surname of Dutch origin. For many emigrants, entry into American reality began with a change in personal names and surnames. Some chose names in the English manner so that others could pronounce and assimilate them easier, others - to be closer to the Native Americans (Maloratsky on Mallor), others - to speed up their integration. So, starting from the 7th generation, the surname Maloratsky disappeared from the descendants of Abraham, which was changed to the surname Mallor.
The name "Al" is primarily a male name of English origin, meaning "short for names beginning with "AL". In our case, "Abraham" matches only the first letter? Obviously, the name "Ab" ("Ab") is not in use. But before changing his name to "Al" ("Al"), Mordechai took the name "Abe" ("Abe") (Jewish name). Thus, our ancestor Abraham Maloratsky changed not only his first name, but also his last name: Abraham Maloratsky to Al Mallor.
The name "Al" is primarily a male name of English origin, meaning "short for names beginning with "AL". In our case, "Abraham" matches only the first letter? Obviously, the name "Ab" ("Ab") is not in use. But before changing his name to "Al" ("Al"), Mordechai took the name "Abe" ("Abe") (Jewish name). Thus, our ancestor Abraham Maloratsky changed not only his first name, but also his last name: Abraham Maloratsky to Al Mallor.
Abracham Maloratsky (Al Mallor) (1917-2006) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
ANCESTORS Son of Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius (Jerry) Maloratsky Husband of Etta (Yetta) Hirsh
Died 19 Jan 2006 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
In 1942, Abracham (Al Mallor) had a daughter, Judie Mallor. As can be seen from the diagram below, Leo Maloratsky is the great-grandson of Chaim, and Judy Mallor is the great-granddaughter of his brother Abracham. After about a hundred years (!), as the ancestors of the 5th generation Chaim and Abracham Maloratsky parted, the descendants of the Maloratsky / Mallor of the 8th generation met.
The diagram of generations 6 - 7 of Chaim Maloratsky (the father of our
grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky):
8. Leo Maloratsky 8. Judith (Judie) Mallor
b. 1939 Zaporogie b.1942 Brooklyn , NY
+ Helena Maloratsky + Howard Lewin (Lifshitz)
b. 1945 Moscow b.1942 Brooklyn , NY
... 9. Artem Maloratsky ...9. Eliot Lewin
b.1971 Moscow b.1969 Brooklyn , NY
... 9. Anna Maloratsky ...9. Eric Lewin
b.1974 Moscow b.1972 Brooklyn , NY
b. 1939 Zaporogie b.1942 Brooklyn , NY
+ Helena Maloratsky + Howard Lewin (Lifshitz)
b. 1945 Moscow b.1942 Brooklyn , NY
... 9. Artem Maloratsky ...9. Eliot Lewin
b.1971 Moscow b.1969 Brooklyn , NY
... 9. Anna Maloratsky ...9. Eric Lewin
b.1974 Moscow b.1972 Brooklyn , NY
From the diagram of family ties between Lev (Leo) Maloratsky and Judy Mallor, it is obvious that Leo Maloratsky's grandfather, Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, was the cousin of Judy Levin's (Mallor) grandfather, Rashmiel (Harry) Maloratsky. The Maloratsky cousins broke up at the beginning of the 20th century (in 1912), when Rashmiel Maloratsky immigrated with his family from the town of Malin to America.
Name: Harry Maloratsky. Birth: Nov 10 1894 Ukraine. Marriage Spouse: Eva Peotetsky Feb 20 1917 New York City, United States Immigration: 1912. Residence: 1930 Brooklyn (Districts 1001-1250), Kings, New York, United States. Death: Feb 6 1972 New York City, United States Wife: Eva Maloratsky (born Peotetsky). Children: Abracham Maloratsky, Julius Maloratsky. heritage.com/research/record-40001-1246907639/harry-maloratsky-in-familysearch-family-tree
On changing the last name:
For many emigrants, entry into American reality began with the change of their surnames. Some chose surnames in the English manner so that others could pronounce and learn them more easily, others - to be closer to the Native Americans (Maloratsky on Mallor), others - to speed up their integration. A lot of people entered America without a passport. They bought a ticket and went through entry control simply by giving their last name. In this case, the name and surname were recorded as heard and understood by the American official. The Maloratskys, who came to America at the beginning of the 20th century, acquired various variants of surnames:
Maloratsky, Maloritzke, Maloratzky, Maloradzki, Malorazky, Malerodski, Maloretzki, Malloretz, Miller, Mallor.
For many emigrants, entry into American reality began with the change of their surnames. Some chose surnames in the English manner so that others could pronounce and learn them more easily, others - to be closer to the Native Americans (Maloratsky on Mallor), others - to speed up their integration. A lot of people entered America without a passport. They bought a ticket and went through entry control simply by giving their last name. In this case, the name and surname were recorded as heard and understood by the American official. The Maloratskys, who came to America at the beginning of the 20th century, acquired various variants of surnames:
Maloratsky, Maloritzke, Maloratzky, Maloradzki, Malorazky, Malerodski, Maloretzki, Malloretz, Miller, Mallor.
Judy Mallor has a brother, Mark Mallor, born 03/11/1949 in Brooklyn, NY. https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/159349589/family/familyview It is possible that his father Abracham Maloratsky (Mallor) named his son after his uncle (our grandfather) Mark Maloratsky, who had died by that time (in 1942 in Tashkent, USSR). If this is not a pure coincidence, then it suggests that there was some kind of informational connection between the descendants of the Chaim brothers (in the USSR) and the descendants of Abracham (in the USA), which at that time was almost unbelievable. Although, the existence of such a connection may be evidenced by the earlier money transfer document (see story 1.3).
If we combine the two encounter stories in story 1.5 and this story 1.7, we get the following diagram, in which the heirs of the three brothers Chaim (blue), Abracham (green) and Joseph (orange) are marked in different colors:
From this diagram, the found connection (indicated by arrows) between the descendants of the third generation of the brothers Chaim, Abracham and Joseph is obvious.
1.8 The living and the dead: two encounters in Jewish cemeteries
Two memorial meetings are associated with the descendants of
Chaim (b. 1847) and Abracham (b. 1859) Maloratsky.
First meeting
The first meeting took place at the Star of David Memorial Gardens cemetery in North Lauderdale, where a descendant of Abracham Maloratsky - AL (Abracham) Mallor (Maloratsky) (b.1917), was buried.
The place of Abracham (Al) Maloratsky (Mallor) in our tree can be illustrated in this way:
Abracham Maloratsky (b.1859)
+ Etya Rivka Ivonsky (1859-1950)
... Rashmiel Maloratsky (Harry) (1894-1972)
+ Eva Petesky (1897-1954)
… Abracham (Al) Maloratsky (Mallor) (1917–2006)
+ This (Yetta) (1918-2006)
Abracham Maloratsky (b.1859)
+ Etya Rivka Ivonsky (1859-1950)
... Rashmiel Maloratsky (Harry) (1894-1972)
+ Eva Petesky (1897-1954)
… Abracham (Al) Maloratsky (Mallor) (1917–2006)
+ This (Yetta) (1918-2006)
Avrum Maloratsky (b.1917) (Rashmiel's father), who left Malin on February 20, 1917, settled with his family in New York. After immigrating to America, family members changed their names: Avrum - Abracham, Morduch - Max, Zus-Samuel - Sam, Mikhel-Michel, Rachmiel - Harry, Yudko - Judah, Chava - Eva, Haika - Ida. The 7th generation of Avrum Maloratsky also changed his surname: Maloratsky to Mallor. At the age of 23, Rashmiel Maloratsky (https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-5) moved from Malin to America with his family. In the same year, the first child was born in his family - a son, who was named Abracham. Obviously, by the time of the birth of the grandfather Abracham (b. 1859) of the newborn, he had already died and, according to Jewish tradition, his name was given to the first grandson.
Abracham (Al Mallor) Maloratsky (1917-2006) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
AL (Abracham) Mallor (Maloratsky) BIRTH 18 Dec 1917 DEATH 19 Jan 2006 (aged 88) BURIAL Star of David Memorial Gardens North Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida, USA PLOT Garden of
Abracham "Al Mallor" Maloratsky
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
Son of Rachmiel Harry Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius Maloratsky
Husband of Etta Hirsh — married
Died 19 Jan 2006 at age 88 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
AL (Abracham) Mallor (Maloratsky) BIRTH 18 Dec 1917 DEATH 19 Jan 2006 (aged 88) BURIAL Star of David Memorial Gardens North Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida, USA PLOT Garden of
Abracham "Al Mallor" Maloratsky
Born 18 Dec 1917 in New York City, New York, USA
Son of Rachmiel Harry Maloratsky and Eva Peotetsky
Brother of Julius Maloratsky
Husband of Etta Hirsh — married
Died 19 Jan 2006 at age 88 in Tamarac, Broward, Florida, USA
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-18
AL(Abracham) Mallor (Maloratsky) BIRTH 18 Dec 1917 DEATH 19 Jan 2006 (aged 88) BURIAL Star of David Memorial Gardens North Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida, USA PLOT Garden of Veterans |
By a rare coincidence, from 1991 to 1996, the descendants of Chaim Maloratsky (Abracham's brother) lived in the same city of North Lauderdale from 1991 to 1996 - the family of Leo Maloratsky (see the diagram of the previous story). And one more incredible coincidence: Leo Maloratsky's father-in-law Arkady Vinitsky (since 1996, 10 years before the burial of Abracham Maloratsky) and mother-in-law Panya Vinitskaya (since 2012, 6 years after the burial of Abracham Maloratsky) are buried in the same cemetery) (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3):
Star of David, North Lauderdale,
Broward County, Florida |
Arkady Savvich Vinitsky
(1914-1996) www.arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com |
Panya Moiseevna Vinitskaya (Shapiro)
(1916-2012) |
Second meeting
The second meeting is also connected with the descendants of Abracham and his brother Chaim. Cousins Leo Maloratsky and Efim Zakon (descendants of Chaim Maloratsky, b. 1847) in November 2016 discovered the grave of their ancestor at Mount Zion Cemetry in New York*). Such a virtual meeting took place 100 years after Abracham and Chaim broke up.
In the photo below (taken by Efim Zakon) Leo Maloratsky (born: 1939, 8th generation) on the grave of Zusya (Sam, Samuel**)) Maloratsky (1891-1931, 6th generation), son of Abracham:
*) Old Jewish Cemetery in Queens, New York. Two burial sites for Jews - immigrants (including our ancestors) from Radomysl and Malin: a site on line 34R (burials of young people) and a site on line 41R (burials of older Jews).
**) The name Samuel is from the Hebrew name שְׁמוּאֵל (Shemuel), which could mean either "the name of God" or "God heard". As stated in the Books of Samuel in the Old Testament, Samuel was the last of the ruling judges. He led the Israelites during the period of Philistine dominance, who were eventually defeated at the Battle of Mizpah. He later anointed Saul as Israel's first king, and even later anointed his successor, David. https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/jewish/2
Mass emigration gave birth to the community (landsmanschaft, Yiddish). They united religious and secular, cultural and public organizations, labor unions, women's, youth and sports clubs. Voluntary associations made it easier for Jewish emigrants to integrate into American reality. The main part of the compatriots was formed on a geographical basis, people from the same places found a common language more easily. In New York, there was a community of immigrants from the Radomysl district: Founded in New York in 1904 by immigrants from Radomyshl (Pol. Radomysl), Ukraine, as the Radomysler Unterstitzung Verein. This organization also included former residents of the Radomysl district (m. Malin and others).
The Mount Zion Cemetery was established by the Jewish community and has existed for over a hundred years. The first burial took place on May 5, 1893. To date, more than 210,000 burials have been made. Address 59-63 54th Avenue Maspeth, NY 11378 (detailed information is given at www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com). |
Avrum Maloratsky (father of Zusya-Samuel), who left Malin on February 20, 1917, settled with his family in New York. After immigrating to America, family members changed their names: Avrum - Abracham, Morduch - Max, Zus-Samuel - Sam, Mikhel-Michel, Rahmiel - Harry, Yudko - Judah, Khava - Eva, Haika - Ida. The 7th generation of Avrum Maloratsky also changed his surname: Maloratsky to Mallor.
Arrival to Ellis Island (USA) from Malin, Russian Empire:
Arrival to Ellis Island (USA) from Malin, Russian Empire:
https://familysearch.org/search/collection/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AMaloratsky~&collection_id=1368704&offset=60 :
First name Last name Event Date Age Departure Port Gender Marital Ship Name
Rashmiel Maloretzki 18 Sept 1911 18y Rotterdam Male S Potsdam
First name Last name Event Date Age Departure Port Gender Marital Ship Name
Rashmiel Maloretzki 18 Sept 1911 18y Rotterdam Male S Potsdam
Zisel (Зусь, Sam) Malaretsky (1892 - 1931) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Malaretsky-1
Born 1892 in Malin.
Son of Abracham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky, Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Died 19 Jan 1931 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, USA
Born 1892 in Malin.
Son of Abracham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of Mordche (Max) Maloratsky, Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky
Died 19 Jan 1931 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York, USA
1.9 Common ancestors of superior and subordinate
In the early 60s, students living in the capital were distributed after graduation in their hometown, since there were plenty of defense enterprises in Moscow. Simple people, who had nothing to do with secrets, believed then that we had one military department: the Ministry of Defense. In fact, there were nine defense ministries, the “magnificent nine,” as they were called. A graduate of the radio department of the MAI, Leo Maloratsky, got into the institute of the Ministry of Mechanical Engineering (more precisely, ammunition), one of the nine defense ministries. This year, graduates were distributed according to their place of residence, so Leo ended up in a "box" located 10 minutes walk from home.
1.9 Common ancestors of superior and subordinate
In the early 60s, students living in the capital were distributed after graduation in their hometown, since there were plenty of defense enterprises in Moscow. Simple people, who had nothing to do with secrets, believed then that we had one military department: the Ministry of Defense. In fact, there were nine defense ministries, the “magnificent nine,” as they were called. A graduate of the radio department of the MAI, Leo Maloratsky, got into the institute of the Ministry of Mechanical Engineering (more precisely, ammunition), one of the nine defense ministries. This year, graduates were distributed according to their place of residence, so Leo ended up in a "box" located 10 minutes walk from home.
The names of the head of the department of the "closed" research institute (NIETI), in which Leo Maloratsky worked, are Sogolov, and the deputy. early department of Kogan. These two surnames turned out to be identical in origin with the surnames of the ancestors of Leo Maloratsky - Sagalov and Kagansky (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com). The surnames Sogolov, Sagalov go back to the Hebrew priestly title Sagal, which is translated into Russian as "Levitic helper" (Hebrew "sgan levi"). The bearers of this surname are considered descendants of the Levites. According to the Jewish tradition, the Levites were the representatives of the tribe of Levi - the third son of Jacob (Israel) from his wife Leah. The surnames Kogan, Kagansky, Kaganovsky come from the Aramaic "kagane". Cohen is a title corresponding to the Jewish estate of a clergyman. Cohens or cohens - in Judaism, the Jewish class of clergymen from the descendants of Aaron. From the surname Cohen came the following surnames: Kogan, Kagansky, Kaganovsky. An example of a possible mistake in recording the surnames of our ancestors by the state rabbi is the transformation of the surname Sagalov into Sogolov described below. The diagram below shows the distant (in the 7th generation) relationship of the Sagalov and Sogolov branches:
As can be seen from this diagram, Leo Maloratsky has family ties with the Sagalovs: Leo's father, German Maloratsky, is the brother of the sisters Sophia and Klara, whose husbands are brothers Markus and Abram Sagalov. More recently, it was unexpectedly discovered that Leo's head in the NIETI organization (Moscow), by the name of Sogolov Abram Markovich, turned out to be related to his ancestors, the Sagalovs (for more details, see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 3).
The divergence of the names of Sagalov and Sogolov, according to archival documents, occurred at the end of the 18th century, when
siblings Srul and Leib were recorded as state rabbi in the census sheets by the Sigalovs, and their brother Itsko - by Sogolov:
The incorrectness in the registration of surnames largely depended on the entry in the parish registers, which were made by state rabbis in Russian, a language little known to the masses. Therefore, errors and omissions in names and surnames crept in. State rabbis*) had nothing in common with the so-called "spiritual rabbis".
*) State rabbis, usually little versed in Judaism and imposed by the Russian government on the community that was forced to support them, as a rule, aroused the enmity or neglect of believers.
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%B1 %D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%
Abram Markovich Sogolov (1913-1990) - Soviet ammunition designer, laureate of the USSR State Prize. Born in Kiev. In the 1930s worked at the enterprises of the People's Commissariat of Communications of the USSR. Since 1941, in the Red Army, a participant in the war, guard engineer-captain, deputy senior engineer of the regiment of the 12th Guards Aviation Division. Since 1945, he worked at the State Research Institute No. 504 (manufacturing of radio equipment for mass ammunition, primarily radio fuses for anti-aircraft shells and bombs). Since 1954, he was the head of the 5th department of the NIETI (later - NPO Delta), supervised the design work on new systems of radio fuses. Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR. |
One can understand why Abram Markovich Sogolov was born in pre-revolutionary Kiev, where living for Jews was strictly limited: his alleged grandfather and grandmother were merchants of the 1st guild. From the book "Kiev Merchants", 2020:
Sogolov Aba Volkovich - grandfather of Abram Markovich Sogolov
Abram Markovich Sogolov, head of the 5th department of the NIETI, where Leo Maloratsky entered on distribution from the MAI (Moscow Aviation Institute) on March 8, 1962, asked Lev the first question: "Does your mother bake pies?" Having received an affirmative answer, A.M. sent Leo home to celebrate Women's Day (then this day was still working). He was a good man!
And, as it turned out, it was not in vain that Lev and his boss later drank in a "warm" company. And it was like that. 1964: Leo Maloratsky received a promotion - the position of senior engineer. On this occasion, as was customary then, they decided to celebrate this event in the pretentious restaurant of the Sovetskaya Hotel on Leningradsky Prospekt. The company, consisting of the hero of the occasion, the head of the department A.M. Sogolov and others, sat down at the table of the huge pompous hall of the restaurant. As soon as the waiter said that the order of vodka was limited to 100 grams (Khrushchev times), the company silently got up and left the restaurant hall, crossed Leningradsky Prospekt and headed to the barbecue on the opposite side of the avenue, having previously grabbed a couple of bottles of vodka. In those days, a stronger drink was added to the ordered beer under the table. As soon as the waiter said that the order of vodka was limited to 100 grams (Khrushchev times), the company silently got up and left the restaurant hall, crossed Leningradsky Prospekt and headed to the barbecue on the opposite side of the avenue, having previously grabbed a couple of bottles of vodka. In those days, a stronger drink was added to the ordered beer under the table.
Since the barbecue was located opposite the Sovetskaya Hotel, the sharp-tongued student youth dubbed the barbecue "anti-Soviet". And it's not just the geographical opposition to the Sovetskaya Hotel. She was called so for her dissident spirit, for the glory of the institution, which the "thinking intelligentsia" liked to visit. It was there that the personality of Leo was formed.
And, as it turned out, it was not in vain that Lev and his boss later drank in a "warm" company. And it was like that. 1964: Leo Maloratsky received a promotion - the position of senior engineer. On this occasion, as was customary then, they decided to celebrate this event in the pretentious restaurant of the Sovetskaya Hotel on Leningradsky Prospekt. The company, consisting of the hero of the occasion, the head of the department A.M. Sogolov and others, sat down at the table of the huge pompous hall of the restaurant. As soon as the waiter said that the order of vodka was limited to 100 grams (Khrushchev times), the company silently got up and left the restaurant hall, crossed Leningradsky Prospekt and headed to the barbecue on the opposite side of the avenue, having previously grabbed a couple of bottles of vodka. In those days, a stronger drink was added to the ordered beer under the table. As soon as the waiter said that the order of vodka was limited to 100 grams (Khrushchev times), the company silently got up and left the restaurant hall, crossed Leningradsky Prospekt and headed to the barbecue on the opposite side of the avenue, having previously grabbed a couple of bottles of vodka. In those days, a stronger drink was added to the ordered beer under the table.
Since the barbecue was located opposite the Sovetskaya Hotel, the sharp-tongued student youth dubbed the barbecue "anti-Soviet". And it's not just the geographical opposition to the Sovetskaya Hotel. She was called so for her dissident spirit, for the glory of the institution, which the "thinking intelligentsia" liked to visit. It was there that the personality of Leo was formed.
1.10 Meeting of the descendants of Mark and Chava Maloratsky
Portrait gallery of Pomirchi (Pomrenze) and Maloratsky:
This diagram illustrates two branches of our Family: Maloratsky and Pomirche, which at the beginning of the 20th century. united due to the marriage of Chava Maloratsky and Yakov Pomirche, after which they parted (due to the immigration of the Chava family to America), and then a century later their descendants met in New York. An interesting detail is the find: the brother Mordechai (Mark) and his sister Chava Maloratsky had sons German and Chaim, respectively.
A detailed study of these names showed (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3, Part 5, Appendix 4) their identity and that they were named according to Jewish custom in honor of their grandfather Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky. The name Hermann (Hermann), widely used by European Jews. The surname Herman originated from the German male name Herman (Hermann), which was often called German Jews, whose name was Hirsch (Hirsch). Most likely, the ancestor of the bearer of this surname was called German.
This name is of German origin https://toldot.ru/life/lnames/lnames_6581.html perhaps the original synagogue record of the name was Heinrich (a Hebrew name), which is directly related (according to Male names - Bader index: http://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=2060) with the name Chaim (often found in kind Maloratsky). In Soviet times, when issuing a birth certificate, the name given by the rabbi (Heinrich or Chaim) was transferred to German. In the diagram below of the Maloratsky tree, the name Chaim (highlighted in blue) is repeated through the generation. In all Jewish families, there were names that appeared constantly, with a certain frequency.
This name is of German origin https://toldot.ru/life/lnames/lnames_6581.html perhaps the original synagogue record of the name was Heinrich (a Hebrew name), which is directly related (according to Male names - Bader index: http://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=2060) with the name Chaim (often found in kind Maloratsky). In Soviet times, when issuing a birth certificate, the name given by the rabbi (Heinrich or Chaim) was transferred to German. In the diagram below of the Maloratsky tree, the name Chaim (highlighted in blue) is repeated through the generation. In all Jewish families, there were names that appeared constantly, with a certain frequency.
According to the Revizsky tales of Radomysl of 1850, Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky was born in the city of Radomysl in 1849; then he and his family moved to the town of Malin. Among the 4 children of Chaim were Mordechai (Mark) and Chava, who later became the founders of two branches of our family: Maloratsky and Pomirche (Pomrenze). Chava Maloratsky (b. 1881) until 1910 lived in Malin, worked with her sister Tsypa at the Malin paper mill.
*) The Malinsky paper factory was established in 1871 and at the beginning of the 20th century. produced about 1500 tons of products per year, the main products were writing paper and tissue paper, and the factory also produced wrapping paper. The most profitable paper in those days was smoking paper, since almost no one made it in Russia ... Orders for Malinsky "filigree" fell from different parts of the vast Russian empire. In addition to tissue paper, which became the main product at the factory, they began to produce mouthpiece and wrapping paper. The factory produced 14-15 thousand pounds of paper per year. And the products of the Malinsky factory were of very good quality ...Malinsky craftsmen became famous throughout Russia and even beyond its borders ... Already in 1872, that is, a year after the founding of the enterprise, the tissue paper of this factory was exhibited in VIENNA at the international trade and industrial exhibition and was awarded a diploma, medals and a prize... Malinsky tissue paper was distinguished by its purity and lightness and was soon awarded the highest awards at international and all-Russian exhibitions: - in Brussels -1906, in Rostov-on-Don - 1909, in Edinet - 1911 https://malin-zh.io.ua/s83138/malin_i_malinchani
“Women (such as the Maloratsky sisters, ed.) and youngsters, from dawn until late at night, worked in the factory yard or in the rag, finishing, paper shops, and paid them 20-30 kopecks a day - this is half of what it was the men who earned the money... Barefooted, in dirty shabby clothes, the workers walked on the cold cement floor and took out the half-frozen mass from huge vats or dragged heavy wet paper across the whole yard into the dryer...The air in the room was saturated with fumes of acids and chemicals (chlorine and other paper bleaches), _ people were suffocating, coughing, but continued to work ... In the rag shop - a column of dust and no ventilation ... Not everyone could withstand such conditions ... Even the healthiest guy, after working in such conditions, after a few months became thin, pale as death and weak, like an old man...
” https://malin-zh.io.ua/ s83138/malin_i_malinchani
“Women (such as the Maloratsky sisters, ed.) and youngsters, from dawn until late at night, worked in the factory yard or in the rag, finishing, paper shops, and paid them 20-30 kopecks a day - this is half of what it was the men who earned the money... Barefooted, in dirty shabby clothes, the workers walked on the cold cement floor and took out the half-frozen mass from huge vats or dragged heavy wet paper across the whole yard into the dryer...The air in the room was saturated with fumes of acids and chemicals (chlorine and other paper bleaches), _ people were suffocating, coughing, but continued to work ... In the rag shop - a column of dust and no ventilation ... Not everyone could withstand such conditions ... Even the healthiest guy, after working in such conditions, after a few months became thin, pale as death and weak, like an old man...
” https://malin-zh.io.ua/ s83138/malin_i_malinchani
In 1910, Chava Maloratsky married Yakov Pomirche, a resident of Brusilov, and moved from Malin to m. Brusilov, where Yakov's family lived: brother Chaim (German) (b. 1892), sisters Dina (b. 1888), Esther (b. 1893), Golda (b. 1898). In the family of Chava and Yakov, the son Chaim was born in 1906 and the youngest son Yakov in 1916 During one of the Jewish pogroms in Brusilov on August 14, 1919, Yakov Pomirche was brutally murdered (см. историю 1.18 далее). His widow Chava Pomirche (Maloratsky) immigrated from Russia to America with her children shortly after this tragedy. The three-year journey took them to Chicago, where many members of the large Pomirche (Pomrenze) family had previously settled.
1922 entry document of the Pomirche family:
*) The surname Pomirche unusual for the Jews of that time, was connected with the following circumstances. Obviously, until 1775, our familyless ancestors lived in Galicia in the village of Pomrytsy, which was under the rule of Poland, then Austria, and later Russia. After the partition of Poland in 1772, a province of Austria was created from Galicia and some southern Polish lands under the general name of Galicia. It was a period of forcible resettlement of Jews from the countryside to large settlements. As a result, a large number of Polish Jews fell under the rule of Russia and Austria. At the same time, Jews were given surnames. On July 23, 1787, Emperor Joseph II of Austria issues a law according to which all Jews within the borders of the Habsburg Empire were required to have permanent surnames. In accordance with the law, "familization" was to be completed before January 1, 1788. Obviously, our ancestors, living in the village of Pomrytsy, moved to Brusilov and took the surname Pomirche: "We are from Pomrytsy."
The family settled in Chicago, where the brother of the deceased Yakov, German M. Pomrenze, a prominent Labor Zionist, lived. In the second part of the above immigration form, the brother's handwritten name can be found: Dr. German Pomerants, who was the guarantor of relatives who came to him, as well as his place of residence: 1600 S. Homan Ave. Chicago. Sholom Pomrenze was brought up in a Hasidic synagogue, as well as in secular and Jewish schools (details in story 1.12).
After high school, he attended the Lewis Institute and the University of Chicago, earning a master's degree and working on a doctorate in Jewish history. While doing research in Washington, DC, in 1939 he ran out of money and took a job with the National Archives, the forerunner of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Pomrenze became a naturalized citizen in 1937 and received a master's degree in history from the University of Chicago before working on his doctorate in Jewish history. He knew German, Hebrew and Yiddish. In 1940-1941. he served as head of the Historical Records Research Division of the Manufacturing Process Administration (WPA) in Chicago. From July 1941 to May 1942 he worked as an assistant at the National Archives. After serving in the US Army, Pomrenze served with the Office of Strategic Services in the China-Burma theater from 1944 to 1945. In early 1946 he was posted to Offenbach, Germany. Due to his previous job at the National Archives, he became a 29-year-old army major assigned to look after a warehouse filled with entire libraries, documents and cultural artifacts that had been looted by the Nazis.
White House Hall November 15, 2007 From left to right are Robert Edsel, Jim Reeds, President Bush, Harry Ettlinger, Horace Apgar, and Seymour Pomrense (fourth from left) (UPI Photo/Roger L. Wollenberg)
The location and chronology of our grandfather Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky can be established based on the following circumstances: the birth of Mordechai in the town of Malin in ~ 1872. Marriage to Chana Kagansky and moving to Radomysl. The family of Mark and Chana had 8 children, including seven sisters and one son German Maloratsky, who died at the front in 1941. His son Leo Maloratsky with his wife Elena, son Artem and daughter Anna immigrated to the USA from the USSR (Moscow) in 1988 .
Travel document 1988 of the Maloratsky family:
Travel document 1988 of the Maloratsky family:
The further fate of the Maloratsky family in the USA is described in detail in Chapter 3 of the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com. The above diagram illustrates two branches of our Rod Maloratsky and Pomirche. A century (!) After the separation of Chava and Mordechai Maloratsky in the Russian Empire, their descendants first met on another continent in the USA.
Meeting of the descendants of Maloratsky and Pomrenze in the Maloratsky apartment, New York, June 14, 2021:
Meeting of the descendants of Maloratsky and Pomrenze in the Maloratsky apartment, New York, June 14, 2021:
Chaim MALORATSKY BIRTH ABT 1849 • Malin, Ukraine
Rysia Frida ?? 1850–BIRTH ABT. 1850 • Malin, Ukraine
Childrens:
Mordechai (Mark) MALORATSKY 1872–1942
Tsipa MALORATSKY 1876–
Chava (Eva) MALORATSKY 1878–1935
Rachel MALORATSKY. 1884–1976
Hersh MALORATSKY 1885–
Chava (Eva) MALORATSKY (1878–1935)
Jacob (Yaakov) (Pomirce) Pomrenze 1886–1919 BIRTH ABT 1886 • ?DEATH 1919 • Brusilov, Ukraine Childrens:
Israel Chaim (Pomerantz) (Pomirce) POMRENZE 1906–1962
Seymour (Shalom) POMRENZE 1915–2011
Seymour (Shalom) POMRENZE 1915–2011 BIRTH 1/SEP/1915 • Brusilov, Ukraine DEATH 26/AUG/2011 • Bronx, NY
+ Brondell Kaganoff 1922–2012. BIRTH 4/APR/1922 • Russian Empire DEATH 25/NOV/2012 • Bronx, NY
Childrens:
Chava POMRENZE BIRTH 19 JAN 1948 • Washington, DC Marriage 29 Aug 1967 • ?
+David Levene
Childrens:
Yehuda LEVENE1968– Chaya LEVENE 1970– Ariella LEVENE 1971– Dina LEVENE 1972– Rachel LEVENE 197
Aryeh LEVENE 1976– Avraham Yitzchak (Avi) LEVENE 1978– Daniella LEVENE 1980– Sharon LEVENE 1983–
Yehonatan LEVENE 1987– Keren LEVENE 1990–
Haya POMRENZE BIRTH 17/JUN/1960 • Washington, DC Marriage 19/Aug/1984 • Great Neck, NY
David Tepper (1960–)
Childrens:
David TEPPER 1960– Adina TEPPER 1986– Dov TEPPER 1987- Sara (aka Sadie) TEPPER 1993–
Davida POMRENZE BIRTH 23/DEC/1962 • Washington, DC
Debra POMRENZE BIRTH UNKNOWN • Washington, DC. Marriage Unknown • ?
Asher (Peleg) Flegg
Childrens:
Ya'akov Leib FLEGG Avraham Yair FLEGG Elisheva Miriam FLEGG Mordechai FLEGG Shimon Sasson FLEGG David Baruch FLEGG Ma'ala FLEGG
Jay (Rabbi) POMRENZE 1949–BIRTH 26/OCT/1949 • Washington, DC. Marriage 19 Jun 1983 • Atlantic Beach, NY
Divorced Perry Stein (1960–) Spouse Hillel Frischman 1961–
Childrens:
Miriam Yonina STEIN 1988- Talia STEIN 1990- Jacob STEIN 1994- Samuel STEIN 1994–
Hadasa (Huti) Ramras BIRTH 24 FEB 1950 • Germany
Childrens:
Etan POMRENZE 1975– Yonatan POMRENZE 1978– Elisheva POMRENZE
Yonatan (Yon) POMRENZE was born on August 3, 1978, to Hadasa (Huti) Ramras, age 28, and Jay (Rabbi) POMRENZE, age 28.
+Chana (Anne) Lieber on May 26, 2013, in Bronx, New York.
They have two children. He has one brother and one sister.
Rysia Frida ?? 1850–BIRTH ABT. 1850 • Malin, Ukraine
Childrens:
Mordechai (Mark) MALORATSKY 1872–1942
Tsipa MALORATSKY 1876–
Chava (Eva) MALORATSKY 1878–1935
Rachel MALORATSKY. 1884–1976
Hersh MALORATSKY 1885–
Chava (Eva) MALORATSKY (1878–1935)
Jacob (Yaakov) (Pomirce) Pomrenze 1886–1919 BIRTH ABT 1886 • ?DEATH 1919 • Brusilov, Ukraine Childrens:
Israel Chaim (Pomerantz) (Pomirce) POMRENZE 1906–1962
Seymour (Shalom) POMRENZE 1915–2011
Seymour (Shalom) POMRENZE 1915–2011 BIRTH 1/SEP/1915 • Brusilov, Ukraine DEATH 26/AUG/2011 • Bronx, NY
+ Brondell Kaganoff 1922–2012. BIRTH 4/APR/1922 • Russian Empire DEATH 25/NOV/2012 • Bronx, NY
Childrens:
Chava POMRENZE BIRTH 19 JAN 1948 • Washington, DC Marriage 29 Aug 1967 • ?
+David Levene
Childrens:
Yehuda LEVENE1968– Chaya LEVENE 1970– Ariella LEVENE 1971– Dina LEVENE 1972– Rachel LEVENE 197
Aryeh LEVENE 1976– Avraham Yitzchak (Avi) LEVENE 1978– Daniella LEVENE 1980– Sharon LEVENE 1983–
Yehonatan LEVENE 1987– Keren LEVENE 1990–
Haya POMRENZE BIRTH 17/JUN/1960 • Washington, DC Marriage 19/Aug/1984 • Great Neck, NY
David Tepper (1960–)
Childrens:
David TEPPER 1960– Adina TEPPER 1986– Dov TEPPER 1987- Sara (aka Sadie) TEPPER 1993–
Davida POMRENZE BIRTH 23/DEC/1962 • Washington, DC
Debra POMRENZE BIRTH UNKNOWN • Washington, DC. Marriage Unknown • ?
Asher (Peleg) Flegg
Childrens:
Ya'akov Leib FLEGG Avraham Yair FLEGG Elisheva Miriam FLEGG Mordechai FLEGG Shimon Sasson FLEGG David Baruch FLEGG Ma'ala FLEGG
Jay (Rabbi) POMRENZE 1949–BIRTH 26/OCT/1949 • Washington, DC. Marriage 19 Jun 1983 • Atlantic Beach, NY
Divorced Perry Stein (1960–) Spouse Hillel Frischman 1961–
Childrens:
Miriam Yonina STEIN 1988- Talia STEIN 1990- Jacob STEIN 1994- Samuel STEIN 1994–
Hadasa (Huti) Ramras BIRTH 24 FEB 1950 • Germany
Childrens:
Etan POMRENZE 1975– Yonatan POMRENZE 1978– Elisheva POMRENZE
Yonatan (Yon) POMRENZE was born on August 3, 1978, to Hadasa (Huti) Ramras, age 28, and Jay (Rabbi) POMRENZE, age 28.
+Chana (Anne) Lieber on May 26, 2013, in Bronx, New York.
They have two children. He has one brother and one sister.
1.11 Meetings with presidents
from the tavern (korchma) to the Kremlin and the White House
Ten generations ago, many of our ancestors were innkeepers and tavern makers. In the Radomysl district there were 43 taverns, including in Malaya Racha, Modelev, Potievka, Dubovik, Staroseltsy, where there were taverns owned by our ancestors. In Poland before the 18th century. The main profession of the Jews was considered renting and maintaining taverns. Renting was characteristic of the economic life of the Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement under which a nobleman, for a certain fee, conceded to a tenant an estate or part of an estate for a certain period. A certain type of small tenant developed, who were satisfied with the maintenance of an inn or tavern, usually in the countryside. There was almost no village, village, place where there would not be a Jew - a tenant. The Polish landlords were interested in the presence of Jews in Little Russia, primarily because they were simply too lazy to conduct business in their taverns and taverns. The Jews could not own real estate, and therefore willingly agreed to become something like hired managers at the enterprises of the local nobility.
Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore they found themselves in debt to their landlords all the time. In 1793, the second partition of Poland took place - this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Belarus, Podolia, Volhynia and Polissya. Our ancestors, most of whom were tenants, ended up in the Russian Empire. According to historians, more than a third of Polish Jews were engaged in renting, but they were also employed in small-scale handicraft production and in trade (detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore they found themselves in debt to their landlords all the time. In 1793, the second partition of Poland took place - this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Belarus, Podolia, Volhynia and Polissya. Our ancestors, most of whom were tenants, ended up in the Russian Empire. According to historians, more than a third of Polish Jews were engaged in renting, but they were also employed in small-scale handicraft production and in trade (detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
Jewish korchma in Little Russia (rus. Малороссия)
Ten generations ago, many of our ancestors were innkeepers and tavern makers. In the Radomysl district there were 43 taverns, including in Malaya Racha, Modelev, Potievka, Dubovik, Staroseltsy, where there were taverns owned by our ancestors. In Poland before the 18th century. The main profession of the Jews was considered renting and maintaining taverns. Renting was characteristic of the economic life of the Jews in Poland. It was based on an agreement under which a nobleman, for a certain fee, conceded to a tenant an estate or part of an estate for a certain period. A certain type of small tenant developed, who were satisfied with the maintenance of an inn or tavern, usually in the countryside.
There was almost no village, village, place where there would not be a Jew - a tenant. The Polish landlords were interested in the presence of Jews in Little Russia, primarily because they were simply too lazy to conduct business in their taverns and taverns. The Jews could not own real estate, and therefore willingly agreed to become something like hired managers at the enterprises of the local nobility. Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore they found themselves in debt to their landlords all the time. In 1793, the second partition of Poland took place - this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Belarus, Podolia, Volhynia and Polissya.
Our ancestors, most of whom were tenants, ended up in the Russian Empire. According to historians, more than a third of Polish Jews were engaged in renting, but they were also employed in small-scale handicraft production and in trade (detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
If descriptions of the White House and the Kremlin are redundant here, then it is worth talking about the tavern (an inn selling strong drinks) in more detail.
The tavern was the center of public life, people gathered here for food and drink, for conversations and drinking parties with songs and music. Drinks were served - kvass, beer, honey. Drinking establishments were private. Later, strong drinks appeared. In Polish taverns, in addition to selling booze, they offered accommodation for the night. In fact, the Jewish tenant of the village tavern was not only a tavern keeper, but also a local merchant. “The landowner received income for the maintenance of the tavern and other things much more significant than anyone else could give him, because the Jew is more resourceful than others and his lifestyle does not require large expenses.” http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
There was almost no village, village, place where there would not be a Jew - a tenant. The Polish landlords were interested in the presence of Jews in Little Russia, primarily because they were simply too lazy to conduct business in their taverns and taverns. The Jews could not own real estate, and therefore willingly agreed to become something like hired managers at the enterprises of the local nobility. Despite the hard daily work, they were desperately poor, and therefore they found themselves in debt to their landlords all the time. In 1793, the second partition of Poland took place - this time between Russia and Prussia, under the terms of which Russia received the territories of Western Belarus, Podolia, Volhynia and Polissya.
Our ancestors, most of whom were tenants, ended up in the Russian Empire. According to historians, more than a third of Polish Jews were engaged in renting, but they were also employed in small-scale handicraft production and in trade (detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
If descriptions of the White House and the Kremlin are redundant here, then it is worth talking about the tavern (an inn selling strong drinks) in more detail.
The tavern was the center of public life, people gathered here for food and drink, for conversations and drinking parties with songs and music. Drinks were served - kvass, beer, honey. Drinking establishments were private. Later, strong drinks appeared. In Polish taverns, in addition to selling booze, they offered accommodation for the night. In fact, the Jewish tenant of the village tavern was not only a tavern keeper, but also a local merchant. “The landowner received income for the maintenance of the tavern and other things much more significant than anyone else could give him, because the Jew is more resourceful than others and his lifestyle does not require large expenses.” http://sefer.ru/upload/Vol.III(1-487).pdf
The origin of the word "tavern" differs in different sources. We offer our own interpretation, called an anagram (a technique that consists in rearranging the letters of a certain word, which results in another word). All letters in the word TANK are fully included in the two words KORM and GRUB, which reflect, respectively, the food of the horses that were fed during a stop at the inn (feed) and the food that was fed to visitors (grub). According to the Talmud, Jews were forbidden to wait on non-Christians, so the staff of the tavern fenced themselves off from visitors with a counter, that is, a counter, behind which modern bartenders also work! Based on the same commandments of the Talmud, the "waiters" did not serve mugs with "swill" into their hands, but put them on the counter. Thus, after several centuries, descendants inherited not only genetics, but also attributes.
Russian lubok. 1868.
|
According to the Talmud, Jews were forbidden to wait on non-Christians, so the tavern staff fenced themselves off from visitors with a counter, that is, a counter, behind which modern bartenders also work! Based on the same commandments of the Talmud, the "waiters" did not serve mugs with "swill" into their hands, but put them on the counter. Thus, after several centuries, descendants inherited not only genetics, but also attributes.
The origin of the word "tavern" differs in different sources. We offer our own interpretation, called an anagram (a technique that consists in rearranging the letters of a certain word, which results in another word). All letters in the word TANK are fully included in the two words KORM and GRUB, which reflect, respectively, the food of the horses that were fed during a stop at the inn (feed) and the food that was fed to visitors (grub). |
The tavern of Morduch Shlomovich*) was in front of the entrance to Malaya Racha at the crossroads of three roads: Zabolotskaya, Malinskaya (towards Krasnoborka) and Chernobylskaya (direction to Velikaya Racha) (see the map below, which shows the location of the integral parts of the tavern - a tavern and an inn), t .e. where the largest concentration of people took place.
Topographic map of Malaya Racha in 1867
http://freemap.com.ua/karty-ukrainy/karty-dvuxverstovki/karty-dvuxverstovki-kvadrat-29-27
(Supplemented by the graphics of Ilia Goldfarb)
http://freemap.com.ua/karty-ukrainy/karty-dvuxverstovki/karty-dvuxverstovki-kvadrat-29-27
(Supplemented by the graphics of Ilia Goldfarb)
The village of Malaya Racha is on the banks of the Gluhovka river (see map), the left tributary of the Teterev. The river divides the village into two parts, the right bank of the Little River is called Zarechka.
One of the family attractions of Malaya Racha is the shinok, which was discovered by our ancestor Morduch Shlomovich (see earlier). Shinok usually was before entering the village. According to the Revizsky Tales, in 1795 Morduch Shlomovich, 38, and his son Moshko, 15 years "rent a tavern."
*)Until the end of the 18th century in Malaya Racha, as in other places, the Jews did not have surnames. Therefore, our ancestors of 1-3 generations (Shloma, Mordechai, Moshko, Chaim, Pesya, Avrum) were recorded at birth with only their first and middle names indicated.
In the Russian Empire, the obligatory nature of hereditary surnames was introduced by the corresponding article of the special “Regulations on the Jews”, approved by the Imperial Nominal Decree of December 9, 1804. The surnames of our ancestors of the Maloratskys. The surname MALORATSKY came from the name of the settlement Malaya Racha. Maloratsky all over the world are relatives, because. are descendants of a single Jewish family that settled in Malaya Racha in those days (18th century), when Jews did not yet have surnames. Maloratsky all over the world are relatives, because. are descendants of a single Jewish family that settled in Malaya Racha in those days (18th century), when Jews did not yet have surnames. The surname of the Maloratskys (natives of Malaya Racha), and their possible relatives, is associated with the topography of the places of residence (as a rule, various towns, villages, villages), and therefore, due to the diversity of places of residence, their “various family” relationship was difficult to identify. Nevertheless, we managed to identify four more surnames (in addition to the Maloratskys): Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Staroselsky, Modelevsky, whose carriers are with a high degree of probability our ancestors.
(detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1 and story 1.3 before).
One of the family attractions of Malaya Racha is the shinok, which was discovered by our ancestor Morduch Shlomovich (see earlier). Shinok usually was before entering the village. According to the Revizsky Tales, in 1795 Morduch Shlomovich, 38, and his son Moshko, 15 years "rent a tavern."
*)Until the end of the 18th century in Malaya Racha, as in other places, the Jews did not have surnames. Therefore, our ancestors of 1-3 generations (Shloma, Mordechai, Moshko, Chaim, Pesya, Avrum) were recorded at birth with only their first and middle names indicated.
In the Russian Empire, the obligatory nature of hereditary surnames was introduced by the corresponding article of the special “Regulations on the Jews”, approved by the Imperial Nominal Decree of December 9, 1804. The surnames of our ancestors of the Maloratskys. The surname MALORATSKY came from the name of the settlement Malaya Racha. Maloratsky all over the world are relatives, because. are descendants of a single Jewish family that settled in Malaya Racha in those days (18th century), when Jews did not yet have surnames. Maloratsky all over the world are relatives, because. are descendants of a single Jewish family that settled in Malaya Racha in those days (18th century), when Jews did not yet have surnames. The surname of the Maloratskys (natives of Malaya Racha), and their possible relatives, is associated with the topography of the places of residence (as a rule, various towns, villages, villages), and therefore, due to the diversity of places of residence, their “various family” relationship was difficult to identify. Nevertheless, we managed to identify four more surnames (in addition to the Maloratskys): Radomyslsky, Potievsky, Staroselsky, Modelevsky, whose carriers are with a high degree of probability our ancestors.
(detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1 and story 1.3 before).
In 1795, a government decree was published, according to which all Jews living in the villages were assigned to the cities, and then the Jews were expelled from the villages. By 1810, the resettlement of our ancestors from the countryside was completed and their Shinkar business was completed. In the future, for almost a century, the professional activity of our ancestors was limited to handicrafts, trade, work in factories and plants, and partly agricultural work. After the removal of the Pale of Settlement, and then after the revolution, the range of professional activities expanded significantly. Among the specialties that our ancestors later mastered are: doctors, engineers, accountants, economists, teachers, lawyers, archivists, scientists, builders, translators, writers, artists.
And now, almost 200 years have passed since then, six generations later, the descendants of the innkeepers from the Maloratsky family (see photo and video above) met with the presidents in the St. George Hall of the Kremlin (USSR) and in the White House (USA) (details on the website www .maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3,
Part 1).
Meeting in 1983
Meeting with M. S. Gorbachev at the Kremlin
M. S. Gorbachev Tioma Maloratsky (with guitar)
Meeting in the Georgievsky Hall of the Kremlin Tioma Maloratsky (with guitar) with M. S. Gorbachev
APN photo, 1988
(details on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3, Part 1)
APN photo: Meeting of Tioma Maloratsky (with guitar) with M. S. Gorbachev This photograph, approximately 1m x 0.5m, appeared on the photo booth of APN (News Press Agency) on Zubovsky Boulevard in Moscow. Tolya Parfyonov, who lives there, saw her and told Tioma's mother, Elena Maloratsky, who literally scratched out the photo from the APN when the exhibition expired. When we left for the USA, there were draconian laws and we had to leave the photo in Moscow. Later, Tioma's friend Grisha Mints sent it to us in Boston by mail. Behind M. Gorbachev and his wife Raisa Maksimovna stands the head of the youth delegation, Michael Killigrew.
Tioma's dad is proud that his Finland jacket (loaned to his son) was also at the meeting with Gorbachev.
APN photo, 1988
(details on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3, Part 1)
APN photo: Meeting of Tioma Maloratsky (with guitar) with M. S. Gorbachev This photograph, approximately 1m x 0.5m, appeared on the photo booth of APN (News Press Agency) on Zubovsky Boulevard in Moscow. Tolya Parfyonov, who lives there, saw her and told Tioma's mother, Elena Maloratsky, who literally scratched out the photo from the APN when the exhibition expired. When we left for the USA, there were draconian laws and we had to leave the photo in Moscow. Later, Tioma's friend Grisha Mints sent it to us in Boston by mail. Behind M. Gorbachev and his wife Raisa Maksimovna stands the head of the youth delegation, Michael Killigrew.
Tioma's dad is proud that his Finland jacket (loaned to his son) was also at the meeting with Gorbachev.
In this TASS photograph, M.S. Gorbachev is talking animatedly with Tioma Maloratsky, obviously discussing his departure, but not yet for permanent residence, but a trip to Washington to meet with R. Reagan.
(click on the arrow in the center to watch the video):
(details on website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3, Part 1)
Meeting with R. Reagan at the White House
In the video below, Artem Maloratsky appears and speaks three times during 1) 21:45:30; 2) 22:08:32; 3)22:14:55
(details on website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3, Part 1)
Tioma Maloratsky (second row, second from right) as part of a youth delegation in Washington before a meeting with US President Reagan)
Washington DC, 1988
Washington DC, 1988
Meeting with Finnish President Mauno Koivisto (1988)
PRESIDENT KOIVISTO (1923–2017) ENTERED FINLAND TO THE EU. The ninth president of Finland became the first president of the country who came from a simple working-class family. Koivisto was a supporter of internationalism, he wanted to build world peace.
White House meeting with Bush
(details in story 1.11, see below)
Colonel Seymour Pomrenze third from right (details in story 1.12, see below)
1.12 Two archivists - descendants of the Maloratsky from the town of Malin
(Faina Miroshnik and Seymour Pomrenze)
Further, we will talk about how Faina, the granddaughter of Mordechai Maloratsky, and Sholom, the son of Mordechai's sister, Chava Maloratsky, became archivists. Mordechai (b. 1872) and Chava (b. 1881) Maloratsky were born in the town of Malin Radomyslsky, leaving the family of Chaim Morduchovich Maloratsky (see story 1.10).
Faina Miroshnik (Radomyslsky)
Mordechai Maloratsky from Malin moved to Radomysl, where he formed a family, the eldest daughter Rachel, Faina's mother, was born. Faina was born in 1924 in Kyiv. Her father, Moisei Radomyslsky, was a military man and served in the commandant's office in Kyiv with the rank of captain.
Mordechai Maloratsky from Malin moved to Radomysl, where he formed a family, the eldest daughter Rachel, Faina's mother, was born. Faina was born in 1924 in Kyiv. Her father, Moisei Radomyslsky, was a military man and served in the commandant's office in Kyiv with the rank of captain.
During the war, Faina (Nyusya) was first evacuated with her mother and younger brother Monya to the Urals, Art. Platonovka, Pokrovskoye village, Orenburg region They accompanied the kindergarten of the Kiev garrison. There, Nyusya continued her studies at school, which she graduated with honors. Then in the summer of 1942 she left for Leninabad, where she entered the Hydrometeorological Academy. But soon the Academy was disbanded and Nyusya went to Tashkent, where her relatives Mark Maloratsky (grandfather), his daughter Sofya and her family were. There she entered the Faculty of History of the University and at the same time worked, first as a shooter in the VOKhR, then as a driller at a factory and as a secretary of the educational unit at the evacuated Kuibyshev Aviation Institute. In 1944, the Radomyslsky family received permission to re-evacuate to Kyiv. After the end of the war, the Rachil family returned to Kyiv, but they were not allowed into the house where they lived; in this house the hotel "Intourist" was rebuilt. They settled in the hostel of the kindergarten of the Kiev garrison.
Rachil, daughter Nyusya and grandson Misha lived from 1947 to 1972 on the street. Shota Rustaveli (formerly Malo-Vasilkovskaya), 29, right next to Bessarabskaya Square. Soon, Nyusya married Saul Zaltsman and settled with her husband on the street. Shota Rustaveli, 29 in the room of brother Saul.
In 1945, Faina entered Kyiv University. During the battles for Kyiv, the university building suffered irreparable damage. The main building was completely destroyed, cultural values were destroyed. Despite the destruction caused by the Nazi occupiers (the main building was undermined, classrooms and library funds were destroyed), the university restored its activities two months after the liberation of Kyiv, in January 1944.
Rachil, daughter Nyusya and grandson Misha lived from 1947 to 1972 on the street. Shota Rustaveli (formerly Malo-Vasilkovskaya), 29, right next to Bessarabskaya Square. Soon, Nyusya married Saul Zaltsman and settled with her husband on the street. Shota Rustaveli, 29 in the room of brother Saul.
In 1945, Faina entered Kyiv University. During the battles for Kyiv, the university building suffered irreparable damage. The main building was completely destroyed, cultural values were destroyed. Despite the destruction caused by the Nazi occupiers (the main building was undermined, classrooms and library funds were destroyed), the university restored its activities two months after the liberation of Kyiv, in January 1944.
At the end of 1948, Faina Radomyslsky graduated with honors from the historical and archival department of the historical faculty of Kiev University. She gave birth to her son Misha in March, and a month before, in February, she received a diploma, and at the end of the year, in December, she went to work in the Kyiv Regional State Archives. (name from 1943 to 1980).
House on Vladimir Salsky Street, where the archive reading room is located Ukraine, Kyiv, Shevchenkovsky district, Elena Teliha street 23 |
City Library of Kfar Sava.
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Troubles began in 1952, outright state anti-Semitism, Stalinist deeds. There were cavils, the threat of dismissal loomed, and it was impossible to find another job, Jews were not taken anywhere. Faina was defended by her employees, since she was in good standing, she was not fired.
In 1974 she moved to her son for permanent residence in Israel. In Israel, since 1974, she worked as an archivist at the National Insurance Institute in Jerusalem. After her retirement, she volunteered for 15 years in a Jerusalem hospital, and then, using her rich experience as an archivist, actively helped the city library of Kfar Saba.
https://berkovich-zametki.com/Avtory/Miroshnik.htm ARTICLES IN THE ONLINE JOURNAL "NOTES ON JEWISH HISTORY" Faina Miroshnik: Let's join hands, friends... Faina Moiseevna Miroshnik's story was recorded from a dictaphone by Svetlana Schönbrunn. |
Seymour Pomrenze
The sister of Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky - Chava Maloratsky lived in the town of Malin and worked at the Malinsky paper mill. Around 1905, she married Yakov Pomirchi, a resident of Brusilov, and moved to m. Brusilov. The eldest son Chaim was born in the family in 1906 and the youngest son Sholom in 1916. (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.webly.com Chapter 1, Part 1). In 1919, Jewish pogroms took place in those regions of Ukraine that were under the control of the Directory, including the Brusilov borough. In Brusilov, almost the entire Jewish population was exterminated. In one of these Jewish pogroms on August 14, 1919, Yakov Pomirche was brutally murdered. His widow Chava Maloratsky (Pomirche) immigrated from Russia to America in 1922 with her children. The three-year journey brought them to Chicago, where many members of the large family settled, including the sister of the late Yakov, Dina. The family decided that Sholom would be raised by his father's sister Dina and her husband Shalom Zeldich. The family settled in Chicago, where his uncle lived (brother of Jacob's deceased father) (This was Dr. Herman M. Pomrenze, a prominent Labor Zionist).
Sholom Pomrenze was brought up in a Hasidic synagogue, as well as in a secular and Jewish school. After high school, he entered the Lewis Institute and received a master's degree from the University of Chicago and worked on a doctorate in Jewish history. In Washington, DC, in 1939 he took a job with the National Archives, the predecessor of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Pomrenze became a naturalized citizen in 1937 and received a master's degree in history from the University of Chicago. He knew German, Hebrew and Yiddish. In 1940-1941. he served as head of the Historical Records Research Division of the Manufacturing Process Administration (WPA) in Chicago. From July 1941 to May 1942 he worked as an assistant at the National Archives. After serving in the US Army, Pomrenze served with the Office of Strategic Services in the China-Burma theater from 1944 to 1945.
Founded in July 1945, the five-story depot was home to approximately 2.5 million stolen books and manuscripts from over sixty libraries across Europe and Russia. With over six hundred Torah scrolls and the contents of the Rothschild library, it was the largest collection of Jewish cultural property in the world. Sami and his workers were dedicated to the titanic monumental task of receiving, sorting, restoring and ultimately restoring the many items placed in their care. |
In December 1945 Pomrenze was asked by a United States archivist to travel to Europe to help reorganize the German archives as a military archivist at the Office of the Military Government of Württemberg-Baden. Pomrenze eventually accepted the assignment and was appointed as the first director of what would become the Offenbach Archives Depot (OAD). He left for Offenbach on 26 February 1946. Due to his previous job at the National Archives, he became a 29-year-old army major assigned to look after a warehouse filled with entire libraries, documents and cultural artifacts that had been looted by the Nazis. His job was to sort through the millions of volumes, thousands of Torah scrolls and other items and find a way to return them to the countries and institutions they belonged to. Offenbach's archival repository, first under him and then under his successors, has managed to recover more than 3 million items. Some of the more notable collections he helped bring back, both in Offenbach and on later assignments, included the Rothschild family archives in France, the Rosenthaliana and Spinoza libraries in the Netherlands, and the collection of the YIVO Institute for Jewish Studies, which ended up in New York. . The first restitution was made on March 12, 1946, when 371 boxes of materials went to the Netherlands. In March alone, the depot shipped 242,840 units. During April, nine rail freight cars left for France and another barge loaded with Dutch and Belgian materials headed home.
Seymour Pomrenze https://www.mydigitalpublication.com/article/Seymour+Pomrenze+%26+The+Spoils+Of+War/1257685/0/article.html: The depot in Offenbach was located in a five-story warehouse confiscated from I.G. FARBENSKY Conglomerate. IG FARBEN was known for using Jewish slave labor during the war and for producing the gas used in Auschwitz. It is paradoxical that an organization that exterminated Jews now protects the cultural remnants of their victims. Almost immediately, I was faced with tragedy. No briefing could have prepared me for what I was facing.
Here, under one roof, lay the miserable remains of the Jewish people, scattered over five floors. I felt weak. Moving down the building, I saw hundreds if not thousands of Jewish ritual objects... In one corner I saw Torah scrolls stacked in huge piles, one on top of the other, some on the ground and some on makeshift shelves. I have seen books, some in boxes, some without boxes, some in small boxes, and some without boxes; open and closed volumes scattered randomly across the warehouse floor. In my imagination, I imagined the Nazis breaking into synagogues and Jewish homes, killing families and stealing the very objects that lay before me. I was stunned... I wanted to cry. The scale of this devastating plunder shocked me and I called it a "cultural holocaust". I stood in front of a seemingly endless sea of boxes and books, and I was overwhelmed with anxiety. What a terrible mess! To organizing even a small library requires a huge amount of work, and I had to deal with 4 million books - a huge operation. There were 100,000 or maybe 500,000 individual items in the entire National Archives [at the time] ... I definitely didn't have time to deal with individual items. The first thing I did was define those collections that legally can be returned immediately. The first restitution shipment from Offenbach left for the Netherlands just eight days after I became director. Success at Offenbach depended on a process of sorting and identification—the ability to classify goods into three distinct categories—identifiable by country of origin, semi-identifiable by country of origin, or wholly unidentifiable. 1. Identifiable items - Test closed boxes. Ask if the items belong to the specified country/institution. Sort by country if possible. Crates, stacks, packages, and stacks marked with country labels are "randomly checked" and simply set aside to await restitution claimants. 2. Divide materials into identifiable / non-identifiable groups. 3. Unidentified books and other materials are set aside for further study by qualified professionals such as Chaplain Isaiah Rokovsky, Rabbi Lieber, Dr. Gershon Scholem, or Lucy Davidovich to attempt identification. 4. Semi-identifiable items are sorted by library stamp, labeling and language - Benkowitz identification system using "ex libris" markings and library stamps. In the case of Jewish materials "without heirs" (including ritual treasures) when Jewish institutions and Jewish populations were destroyed, these materials will be transferred to the Commission for European Jewish Cultural Reconstruction (JCR) or to the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. how the keeper. During my tenure as director, from March 1 to May 8, 1946, that is, after two or two and a half months, the largest number of books were returned. We sent back 400,000 books to the Netherlands and another 400,000 To France. Germany has returned its library of 700,000 items. In the first month of my tenure as director, from March 1, 1946, more than one million items were returned. All materials in Offenbach were intended to return, and over 3 million volumes passed through its doors between March 1946 and closing in April 1949. The largest a percentage of the materials passed through Offenbach came from Jewish, Masonic and labor organizations and other persecuted institutions and individuals."
Here, under one roof, lay the miserable remains of the Jewish people, scattered over five floors. I felt weak. Moving down the building, I saw hundreds if not thousands of Jewish ritual objects... In one corner I saw Torah scrolls stacked in huge piles, one on top of the other, some on the ground and some on makeshift shelves. I have seen books, some in boxes, some without boxes, some in small boxes, and some without boxes; open and closed volumes scattered randomly across the warehouse floor. In my imagination, I imagined the Nazis breaking into synagogues and Jewish homes, killing families and stealing the very objects that lay before me. I was stunned... I wanted to cry. The scale of this devastating plunder shocked me and I called it a "cultural holocaust". I stood in front of a seemingly endless sea of boxes and books, and I was overwhelmed with anxiety. What a terrible mess! To organizing even a small library requires a huge amount of work, and I had to deal with 4 million books - a huge operation. There were 100,000 or maybe 500,000 individual items in the entire National Archives [at the time] ... I definitely didn't have time to deal with individual items. The first thing I did was define those collections that legally can be returned immediately. The first restitution shipment from Offenbach left for the Netherlands just eight days after I became director. Success at Offenbach depended on a process of sorting and identification—the ability to classify goods into three distinct categories—identifiable by country of origin, semi-identifiable by country of origin, or wholly unidentifiable. 1. Identifiable items - Test closed boxes. Ask if the items belong to the specified country/institution. Sort by country if possible. Crates, stacks, packages, and stacks marked with country labels are "randomly checked" and simply set aside to await restitution claimants. 2. Divide materials into identifiable / non-identifiable groups. 3. Unidentified books and other materials are set aside for further study by qualified professionals such as Chaplain Isaiah Rokovsky, Rabbi Lieber, Dr. Gershon Scholem, or Lucy Davidovich to attempt identification. 4. Semi-identifiable items are sorted by library stamp, labeling and language - Benkowitz identification system using "ex libris" markings and library stamps. In the case of Jewish materials "without heirs" (including ritual treasures) when Jewish institutions and Jewish populations were destroyed, these materials will be transferred to the Commission for European Jewish Cultural Reconstruction (JCR) or to the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. how the keeper. During my tenure as director, from March 1 to May 8, 1946, that is, after two or two and a half months, the largest number of books were returned. We sent back 400,000 books to the Netherlands and another 400,000 To France. Germany has returned its library of 700,000 items. In the first month of my tenure as director, from March 1, 1946, more than one million items were returned. All materials in Offenbach were intended to return, and over 3 million volumes passed through its doors between March 1946 and closing in April 1949. The largest a percentage of the materials passed through Offenbach came from Jewish, Masonic and labor organizations and other persecuted institutions and individuals."
Near the end of World War II, he volunteered for the OSS (the intelligence agency that was the forerunner of the CIA), hoping to go abroad. He was assigned to the research and analysis department and spent the last months of the war in India, Burma and China. But it was his post-war appointment that made him a Monument Men. After his return to the United States, Pomrenze worked as a consultant for the National Archives from 1947 to 1949.
In 1950, he joined the Department of Archival Documentation of the Office of the Adjutant General of the Army. He devoted the next twenty-six years of his career to the conduct of administrative affairs in the army. He worked in the National Archives (1947-1949), for which he documented Truman's inauguration, and in the Army (1950-1977) as a clerk. He traveled to Army facilities around the world giving records management training, including in Vietnam where he received a Bronze Star for his training efforts during the war. Although a civilian for most of his military career, he returned to active duty when he visited Vietnam in 1970–1971. By the time he retired, he had risen to the rank of colonel and army archivist. Pomrenze was also a records management consultant, primarily for Jewish organizations, beginning with the American Jewish Committee (AJC) in 1949. After retiring from the army in 1977, he became a full-time consultant. His clients included the Jewish Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS), the Jewish Welfare Council (JWB), the Federation Employment Support Service (FEGS), the Joint Distribution Committee (JDC), and the UJA Federation of New York (UJA). He also founded the records management program at American University and has published articles on records and archives management. Colonel Seymour Pomrenze attended the 2007 White House ceremony where President George W. Bush presented the National Humanitarian Award to the Men's Monuments Art Preservation Foundation. Pomrenze has been deservedly recognized for his determined efforts to salvage materials, documents, Torah scrolls and art looted by the Nazis and return them to their rightful owners.
In 1950, he joined the Department of Archival Documentation of the Office of the Adjutant General of the Army. He devoted the next twenty-six years of his career to the conduct of administrative affairs in the army. He worked in the National Archives (1947-1949), for which he documented Truman's inauguration, and in the Army (1950-1977) as a clerk. He traveled to Army facilities around the world giving records management training, including in Vietnam where he received a Bronze Star for his training efforts during the war. Although a civilian for most of his military career, he returned to active duty when he visited Vietnam in 1970–1971. By the time he retired, he had risen to the rank of colonel and army archivist. Pomrenze was also a records management consultant, primarily for Jewish organizations, beginning with the American Jewish Committee (AJC) in 1949. After retiring from the army in 1977, he became a full-time consultant. His clients included the Jewish Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS), the Jewish Welfare Council (JWB), the Federation Employment Support Service (FEGS), the Joint Distribution Committee (JDC), and the UJA Federation of New York (UJA). He also founded the records management program at American University and has published articles on records and archives management. Colonel Seymour Pomrenze attended the 2007 White House ceremony where President George W. Bush presented the National Humanitarian Award to the Men's Monuments Art Preservation Foundation. Pomrenze has been deservedly recognized for his determined efforts to salvage materials, documents, Torah scrolls and art looted by the Nazis and return them to their rightful owners.
Colonel Pomrenze has received numerous awards, including the World War II Victory Medal, the Vietnam Service Bronze Star Medal, the Legion of Merit, the Asia-Pacific Campaign Medal with three bronze stars, and the Dutch Government Silver Medal. Honor for his work with the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives program. Seymour Pomrenze passed away in 2011.
In a 2012 Holocaust Remembrance Day speech, U.S. Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta paid tribute to Pomrenze, the only Human Monument to be named at the ceremony, and called him "a hero whose actions epitomized professionalism and dedication to the uniform he wore." |
1.13 Flight from the Bolsheviks and meeting with relatives in Palestine
Before the revolution, a significant number of Jews worked in Radomysl in small workshops, commercial and industrial enterprises. At the beginning of the 20th century There were three small tanneries in the city. One of the reasons for the emergence of leather production in Radomysl: the main component for leather dressing was oak bark, which was enough in the county. The bark of all varieties of oak contains tannic acid. Relic oaks grew in Radomysl. The age of the legendary oaks reached 500 years, the height was 35 meters, and the girth was 5 meters 50 centimeters. The name of the village of Dubovik, surrounded by an oak forest, as well as the Tolstoy Les farm is connected with this. The leather trade, by its very nature, most closely matches the handicraft form: it is quite possible without the use of expensive machines and devices, does not require special experience and technical knowledge, and is almost always provided with the opportunity to find raw materials on the spot and sell the manufactured products at the local bazaar or fair. In the south of Russia, in addition, among the very favorable conditions for the existence of handicraft leatherworking is, first of all, the relatively very weak capitalization of this industry here, and then the very wide demand from the local population for simple leather goods and products from it. Thanks to all the conditions noted above, tanners - handicraftsmen were very common in Radomysl. There was a special need for leather goods during the First World War and the Civil War. In 1922, the leather production taxed in Radomysl was destroyed by the Soviet authorities.
In Radomysl, as can be seen from the following fragment of the Radomysl business catalog of 1913, our ancestors worked in the leather business: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, Moshko (Moisei) Srulevich (Izrailevich) Kagansky, Rachil Maloratsky (see. Part 2 of Chapter 1), Kagansky Khaya-Feiga Tevel-Joseph (possibly the daughter of Feiga and Joseph Kagansky), Bruha Kislyuk (Kagansky). In addition, Moisei' brother Yakov Kagansky and his son Naftula Kagansky worked in the leather business (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.webly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
In Radomysl, as can be seen from the following fragment of the Radomysl business catalog of 1913, our ancestors worked in the leather business: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky, Moshko (Moisei) Srulevich (Izrailevich) Kagansky, Rachil Maloratsky (see. Part 2 of Chapter 1), Kagansky Khaya-Feiga Tevel-Joseph (possibly the daughter of Feiga and Joseph Kagansky), Bruha Kislyuk (Kagansky). In addition, Moisei' brother Yakov Kagansky and his son Naftula Kagansky worked in the leather business (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.webly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
One of the issues of the Radomyslyanin newspaper for 1917 contains a message about donations*) for the creation of a workers' club in Radomysl: Kogan - 50 rubles, M. Kagansky - 65 rubles, G.N. Garbarov - 25 rubles, Anatov - 10 rubles, Ya. Bukh - 5 rubles, and E. Gorenstein (owed 50 rubles), Resenfeld - 25 rubles, Economic Island of Consumers - 50 rubles. Yu A. Kichera - 10 rubles, N. Belorusets - 50 rubles. Among the patrons was our relative Moisei Kagansky (brother of Leo Maloratsky's grandmother Chana Kagansky (Maloratsky), who donated the largest amount of 65 rubles, which means that already in 1917 Moisei was a fairly wealthy businessman.
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