Chapter 2
Sagalovs, Radomyslskys, Zakons, Kaganovskys
2.1 Unexpected meetings of different generations of the Sagalovs
2.2 Family ties of the Sagalov with the ancestors of the artist Marc Chagall
2.3. Preference guarantees "LIFE (to S. Vinitsky) OR WALLET" (A. Sagalov)
2.4 "Roll call" of the Sagalov and Sagalovsky
2.5 The connection between the descendants of the Kagansky and Radomyslsky
2.6 Distant ancestor - antihero Zinoviev (Radomyslsky)
2.7 "JOINT" and our ancestors
2.8 Encounters with the past
2.9 "All Jews are relatives"
2.2 Family ties of the Sagalov with the ancestors of the artist Marc Chagall
2.3. Preference guarantees "LIFE (to S. Vinitsky) OR WALLET" (A. Sagalov)
2.4 "Roll call" of the Sagalov and Sagalovsky
2.5 The connection between the descendants of the Kagansky and Radomyslsky
2.6 Distant ancestor - antihero Zinoviev (Radomyslsky)
2.7 "JOINT" and our ancestors
2.8 Encounters with the past
2.9 "All Jews are relatives"
2.1 Unexpected meetings of various generations of the Sagalovs
The founder of our SAGALOV family is Chaskel Leibovich Sigalovich, who lived in the town of Fastov in 1816 After the premature death of Avrum Maloratsky (see previously stated story 1.1) widow Ita Chaimovna married the widower Ios Chaskelevich Sagalov (son of Chaskel Leibovich) (b. 1789), a merchant of the 2nd guild), who had a son Haskel (b. 1811) and two daughters from his deceased first wife. Later, Ita and Jos in Malaya Racha will have two sons: Ovsei (b. 1819) and Abram (b. 1826). Morduch, Chaskel and Gershka moved to the city of Radomysl, where they bought a tannery. Subsequently, Morduch Ovseevich Sagalov becomes the owner of a tavern in Radomysl, and his son Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov (b. 1789) in the second half of the 19th century. buys the building of the horse-post station, together with adjoining premises and opens a transportation "charioteer" (equestrian) office providing service on the route Radomysl—Kiev—Radomysl (see 4.6). Later he becomes lumberjack, and then the owner of a haberdashery and ladies' hats store in Radomysl
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.webly.com Chapter 1, Part 1).
Radomysl. Business catalog 1913
Haberdasheries:
Sagalov Joseph Morduch
Hats and caps:
Sagalov Joseph Mordko (for women)
Later, after three generations (see the diagram below), these family ties of the two clans will be strengthened twice more: Sarah (Sonya) Maloratsky - Markus Sagalov and Klara Maloratsky - Abram Sagalov (see the line of Ovsei Iosifovich on the diagrams).
Haberdasheries:
Sagalov Joseph Morduch
Hats and caps:
Sagalov Joseph Mordko (for women)
Later, after three generations (see the diagram below), these family ties of the two clans will be strengthened twice more: Sarah (Sonya) Maloratsky - Markus Sagalov and Klara Maloratsky - Abram Sagalov (see the line of Ovsei Iosifovich on the diagrams).
Two Joseph Sagalovs
Two Joseph Sagalovs
In the presented diagrams, three unusual meetings of the Sagalov family and the Maloratsky family, which occurred with a time interval of 100 years (three generations). So the historical connection between the Sagalovs and the Maloratskys closed. In the first diagram above, two ancestors are highlighted (in blue): Joseph Abramovich Sagalov and his nephew Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov. Both Joseph Sagalovs lived in Radomysl.
Abram Iosifovich Sagalov (b. 1826) and his wife Riva Gertsovna (b. 1827) were the owners of the tavern in Radomysl at the end of the 19th century. Abram and Riva had a son, Joseph Abramovich Sagalov. Iosif Abramovich Sagalov was a member of the petty-bourgeois council of Radomysl*).
Joseph Abramovich Sagalov was a member of the petty-bourgeois council of Radomysl*).
Radomysl District Nobility Assembly Presutstvennaya street in the building number 6 in which was the town council. Here offices were located - Zemskaya council, county council and other authorities It was here that Radomyslskoye was located District Nobility Assembly. Participants meetings were representatives of the nobility societies of the Radomysl district - local nobility, merchants, large and medium landowners. |
The Sagalovs (Abram and Markus), married to the Maloratsky sisters (Klara and Sonya).*)
The arrival and stay of the Kiev governor, the master of the horse, Nikolai Ioasafovich Sukovkin, was reported by the district newspaper Radomyslyanin No. 54, May 1914 (National Historical Library of St. Petersburg): "... Having accepted the report of the named persons, and bypassing all the service rooms, greeted by the entire composition of the service personnel, the Governor proceeded to the petty-bourgeois council, where he received a report and reports from the headman M.M. Chubenko and a member of the council I. Sagalov... "
The arrival and stay of the Kiev governor, the master of the horse, Nikolai Ioasafovich Sukovkin, was reported by the district newspaper Radomyslyanin No. 54, May 1914 (National Historical Library of St. Petersburg): "... Having accepted the report of the named persons, and bypassing all the service rooms, greeted by the entire composition of the service personnel, the Governor proceeded to the petty-bourgeois council, where he received a report and reports from the headman M.M. Chubenko and a member of the council I. Sagalov... "
We do not know whether and how often uncle and nephew met in Radomysl, but their virtual meeting listed in the following. Both Josephs - Joseph Abramovich Sagalov and his nephew Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov were included in the Kiev Lists of those who voted in the first (1906) and second (1907) provincial Duma elections:
It is interesting to compare the electoral situation for the Jews of the Russian Empire in 1906 and 20 years later for the Jews of the USSR (see story 1.4), when the next generation of our ancestors, starting with the first Soviet Constitution of 1918 and up to the mid-30s of the 20th century. , turned out to be "disenfranchised", i.e. disenfranchised persons.
What do we know about the real meetings of the Sagalovs in Radomysl. According to the stories of the local historian of the city of Radomysl, Alexander Pirogov, about Gorenshtein's house: “... In 1887, this house, like some others, was built by the merchant of the 1st guild Gerar Naftulovich Gorinshtein. On long winter evenings, guests gathered there to listen to music. They lit a fireplace lined with wonderful tiles with artistic miniatures. He was a real gem of a house...”
Gorenstein's son Isaac was a close friend of our ancestor Abram Sagalov and invited the brothers Sagalovs for these evenings. And, perhaps, it was this "fireplace lined with wonderful tiles" that prompted Markus Sagalov (the wife of Sofya Maloratsky) to build in his Kiev apartment, in the wing of the Kiev house on 7/6 Streltska Street, a tiled stove with a figured bas-relief of a musketeer (see photo below) (version by Ilya Goldfarb).
According to local historian Pirogov: the religious Jew Gorenstein built a sukkah in his house; on the holiday of Sukkot every autumn, the ceiling was dismantled, the bamboo was moved apart and the room turned into a real sukkah; as befits the Jews, the Gorenstein family ate for a whole week and spent the night under the stars and under the gaze of the Creator; the autumn ritual was hidden from prying eyes, but at the same time, it was performed by all household members strictly according to the canons. http://radomyshl.blogspot.com/2014/07/blog-post_9.html. Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov had nine children, four of them were sons: Markus (Morduch) (1892-1957) (construction superintendent), Abram (1898-1980) (accountant), German (accountant), Yakov (lawyer) and five daughters: Yunya Sagalova (Gorelovskaya) (1895-1982), Zhenya Sagalova (Chudnovskaya), Fanya, Rosa and Babsia http://sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com/
Fragment of the business catalog of Radomysl, 1913
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Yos Morduchovich Sagalov (1867 - 1941), the son of a merchant of the 2nd guild Morduch Ovseevich Sagalov, according to the 1897 census, was recorded as a timber merchant, probably was associated with the tannery of his father Morduch Ovseevich, and later, at the beginning of the 20th century. (1913) was engaged in haberdashery and the production of hats for women in Radomysl.
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In house number 10 on Bolshaya Zhitomirskaya Street (see photo below) there was the Radomysl horse-post station. In the second half of the 19th century. the building of the horse-post station, together with the adjacent premises, was bought by a merchant-entrepreneur, our ancestor Yos Morduchovich Sagalov, and opened a transportation “charioteer” (horse) office here. For the services of the population, horse-drawn carts were provided (see photo below). Hiring them from Radomysl to Kiev was 10-12 rubles. in clear weather and 15-20 rubles. in bad weather, it was at least 18 hours to go, or even a day
https://www.facebook.com/pg/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8C-Radomy%C5%9Bl %D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8C-660154490854042/posts/
https://www.facebook.com/pg/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8C-Radomy%C5%9Bl %D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8C-660154490854042/posts/
The story that happened to Abram Sagalov, connected with preference and chess, is described in: www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 2, and story 2.3.
Gallery of portraits of five generations of the Sagalovs:
2.2 The relationship of the Sagalovs with the ancestors of the artist Marc Chagall
The great-grandfather of Marc Chagall - Ios Sagalov (b. 1794) was the great-great-grandfather of the brothers Markus Sagalov (1892-1957) and Abram Sagalov (1898-1980), married to the sisters Sofya Maloratsky (1897-1974) and Klara Maloratsky (1899 -1980). The connection of the Maloratskys with the Sagalovs, as well as indirectly with the Chagalls, historically began as early as the 17th century. (see www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com). Then, four generations later, Ita, the widow Avrum Maloratsky, married Ios Chaskelevich Sagalov (see story 1.2). And, finally, after another three generations, the two Maloratsky sisters joined their destinies with the two Sagalov brothers. The relationship between our ancestors Sagalovs and the ancestors of Marc Chagall is illustrated by the diagram below:
This diagram does not show the brothers of Chaskel Chagall (Zusel, Abram, Yankel), who are cousins of Morduch Sagalov (1833-1897) - our father Joseph Sagalov (1867-1942). Thus, the great-grandfather of Marc Chagall - Ios Sagalov (b. 1794) was the great-great-grandfather of the brothers Markus Sagalov (1892-1957) and Abram Sagalov (1898-1980), married to the sisters Sofya Maloratsky (1897-1974) and Klara Maloratsky (1899-1980). The connection of the Maloratskys with the Sagalovs, as well as indirectly with the Chagalls, historically began as early as the 17th century (see diagram, brothers Moshko and Mordko). Then, four generations later, when Ita, the widow of Avrum Maloratsky, married Ios Chaskelevich Sagalov. And, finally, after another three generations, the two Maloratsky sisters joined their destinies with the two Sagalov brothers.
The surname of our ancestors Sagalov goes back to the Hebrew priestly title Sagal, which is translated into Russian as "Levitic assistant to the high priest" (Hebrew "Segan Leviyyah"). The bearers of this surname are considered descendants of the Levites. According to the Jewish tradition, the Levites were the representatives of the tribe of Levi - the third son of Jacob (Israel) from his wife Leah. Sagal has variations of Chagal, Segal and derivatives SAGALOV, Sagalovich, Shagalov, Sogolov (see story 1.9), Sagalovsky (see story 2.4), etc. The Russian suffixes "ov" and "ovich" mean "son." The Slavic Jewish surname Sagalov means "son of Sagal".
Family of Marc Chagall:
1 row Moishe (Mark) Chagall (top left) was the eldest of nine children, Zina Zakharovna Markovich, David Chagall, 2 row Hana Chagall, Maryashka Chagall, Feige-Ite Mendelevna Chagall (mother), Khatskel-Mordukh Davidovich Chagall (father), Liza Zakharovna Chagall, Manya Zakharovna Chagall, 3rd row Rosa Chagall.
The connection of our ancestors Sagalovs (left column) with the family of Marc Chagall (right column) (see also diagram above)
The origins of the connection between the Sagalovs and Maloratskys: Yosel Chaskelevich Sagalov (b. 1794) Ita Sagalova (Maloratsky) (b.1796)
The origins of the connection between the Sagalovs and Maloratskys: Yosel Chaskelevich Sagalov (b. 1794) Ita Sagalova (Maloratsky) (b.1796)
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sons of Yosel and Ita:
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Ovsey Yoselevich Sagalov (1819-1848).
Fund 280 Inventory 2 File 819. Entry No. 241. Revision tales about the bourgeois Jews of the Fastov Jewish Society of the Vasilkovsky district for 1850
Fond 280 Inventory 2 File 447. Entry No. 502. Revision tales about Christians and Jews of the Vasilkovsky and Kiev districts for 1834. |
David-Morduch Yoselevich Segal (Chagall)
(1824-1886) NIAB, fund 1416, inventory 1, file 2680, sheet 60.
"General list of male Jews living in the 1st part of the city of Vitebsk" 1874
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Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov
(1867-1943) Iosif Sagalov had four sons including: Markus (Morduch) Sagalov (1892-1957) (his wife Sonya (Sarah) Sagalova (Maloratskaya)), Abram Sagalov (1898-1980), (his wife Klara Sagalova (Maloratsky).
sons of Joseph: |
Moishe (Mark) Chaskelevich Chagall
(1887-1985) |
The uncle of our Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov (1867-1943) was Chakel-Morduch Davidovich Chagall (1863-1921) - the father of Marc Chagall.
*) About Chatskel-Morduch (Zachar) Davidovich Chagall:
https://www.geni.com/people/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9C%D0%BE% D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85-%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80-%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B3% D0%B0%D0%BB/6000000011309224380
*) About Chatskel-Morduch (Zachar) Davidovich Chagall:
https://www.geni.com/people/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9C%D0%BE% D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85-%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80-%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B3% D0%B0%D0%BB/6000000011309224380
The head of a Jewish family, which had up to 10 children (according to various sources), worked as an assistant to a fishmonger (herring merchant), his wife, Feyga, kept a small shop. Chatskel Morduchovich - Babinichsky tradesman of the Mogilev province. Brief description of the property: 1-storey residential wooden house; 1-storey stone residential building; 1-storey wooden residential building in the yard. Own land 130 sq. fathoms.
From the autobiography of Marc Chagall: "Almost until his death, my father earned about twenty rubles a month, not counting the miserable tips (6-10 kopecks) from customers. But at the same time, my dad was not from the poor. Not at all. Judging by the photograph that captured him in youth, and according to the contents of our wardrobe, the father at the time of the wedding was physically strong and not at all poor. He gave his bride a fashionable shawl. Mom was still a very young girl of small stature and grew up after marriage. "
"News of the Vitebsk Gubernia Executive Committee and the Provincial Committee of the RCP (b)" for August 3, 1921: “On August 1, at the corner of Vokzalnaya and Kanatnaya streets, a car knocked down and ran over a passerby crossing the street. The latter, who turned out to be Mr. Chagall, the father of a famous Vitebsk artist and former director of the Vitebsk art school, was taken in an insensible state to b. Jewish hospital, and from there to the Red Cross hospital, where he was to be operated on. 10 minutes after Mr. Chagall was taken to the hospital, he, without regaining consciousness, died from a crushed skull and hemorrhage in the brain.
And here is information about the second cousin of Marc Chagall, Joseph Morduchovich Sagalov: Iosif Morduchovich Sagalov, according to the Business catalog of 1913, Radomysl, was engaged in haberdashery and the production of hats for women. However, the first business of Yos Sagalov was far from being a hat business. In house number 10 on Bolshaya Zhitomirskaya Street there was the Radomysl horse-post station. In the second half of the 19th century. the building of the horse-post station, together with the adjacent premises, was bought by a merchant-entrepreneur, our ancestor Yos Morduchovich Sagalov, and opened a transportation “charioteer” (horse) office here. Horse-drawn carts were provided for public services. Hiring them from Radomysl to Kyiv was 10-12 rubles. in clear weather and 15-20 rubles. in bad weather, it was at least 18 hours to go, or even a day.
https://radomyshl-nash-dim.blogspot.com/2016/01/1.html
https://radomyshl-nash-dim.blogspot.com/2016/01/1.html
Memory and monuments
Grave of M. Chagall
Saint-Paul-de-Vence, Cote d'Azur, France
Monuments to M.Shagall:
2.3. Preference guarantees "LIFE (to S. Vinitsky) OR WALLET" (to A. Sagalov)
"LIFE" to S. Vinitsky
At the height of the Civil War and the decline of the important mining industry, Savva Osipovich Vinitsky (the grandfather of Elena Vinitsky (Maloratsky) was sent by the then authorities from Moscow to Lisichansk as an experienced engineer and a very good organizer (www.arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com). He never was neither a Bolshevik nor a communist. However, when the White Army entered Lisichansk in June 1919, he was almost shot by the White Guards along with many of the then Bolsheviks. Lisichansk region, brought on their bayonets a cruel terrorist dictatorship regime. Hundreds of people were arrested on suspicion of sympathizing with the Bolsheviks. Mass executions were carried out. On December 23, 1919, after successful hostilities, units of the 1st Cavalry Army entered here. https://lisichansk.info/istoriya-goroda/11570-revolyutsiej-mobilizovannye
According to the memoirs of Elena Arkadyevna Vinitsky (Maloratsky) from the words of Savva Osipovich and Elena Petrovna Vinitsky: “Savva Osipovich in the post-revolutionary Lisichansk (1919) was led by the White Guards to be shot. A general of the White Army (with his girlfriend) drove past in a britzka, who, seeing a familiar Savva's face, asked where he was being taken, received the answer: "To be shot." The general, who knew Savva from playing preference, immediately ordered the release. So the preference partnership saved Savva's life.
Donbass, Lisichansk mining plant, where S.O. Vinitsky worked
Theater "Comet"
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Vinitsky in the amateur theater "Rampa" in Lisichansk: Savva Iosifovich and Elena Petrovna Vinitsky (in the center), their daughter Lyudmila Vinitsky (in the first row, second from the right), her 6-year-old brother Arkasha Vinitsky (in the first row, third from the left)
S.I. Vinitsky
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In the story told above, it remains unclear why the White Guards decided to shoot the innocent Savva Vinitsky, who was far from politics? And here there are some conspiracy theories. One of which is associated with the personality of Ivan Christoforovich Aidinov, the future husband of E.P. Vinitsky's sister, Zinaida Chervonsky. The fate of I.Ch. Aydinov, who suffered from Stalinist repressions, is described in the book by A. Apostolov "The House of Broken Mirrors", where, in particular, a fragment of the protocol of interrogation by
Z.P. Aydinova is given:
"Tell me, what do you know about Aidinov's past political activities? - According to my husband Aidinov I.Ch. I know that from 1905 to 1917 he was a member of the RSDLP (Mensheviks). In 1917 he left the Mensheviks and in 1921 joined the RCP (b) ... "
All this is of interest for two reasons: firstly, at the time when (1918-1921) the Vinitsky family, I.Ch. Aidinov already worked there as a mine foreman (mining foreman, head of mine operations) at the mine of the Shmaev brothers*); secondly, I.Ch. Aidinov was not yet a husband, and, perhaps, he was not acquainted with his future wife
Z.P. Chervonsky (sister of E.P. Vinitsky (Chervonsky)).
I.Ch.Aidinov led an active political life in Lisichansk. On March 12, 1917, the members of the public committees elected the Lisichansk District Committee of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, headed by the Menshevik I.Ch. Aydinov. At that time, the most numerous political organization in Lisichansk was the Socialist-Revolutionary. Only on "Donsode" it included 800-900 people. http://hotel-lisichansk.com/node/1003
At the end of January 1918, it was possible to finally formalize the unification of all independent revolutionary institutions by creating the first county executive committee of councils of workers', peasants' and soldiers' deputies, chaired by Comrade. P. Kazimirchuk with his commissars: administration and food - I. Ch. Aydinov, finance E. Medne, land affairs—I. E. Nagorny, etc. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8 %D1%81%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%E2%84 %96_4_%281923%29.pdf
Z.P. Aydinova is given:
"Tell me, what do you know about Aidinov's past political activities? - According to my husband Aidinov I.Ch. I know that from 1905 to 1917 he was a member of the RSDLP (Mensheviks). In 1917 he left the Mensheviks and in 1921 joined the RCP (b) ... "
All this is of interest for two reasons: firstly, at the time when (1918-1921) the Vinitsky family, I.Ch. Aidinov already worked there as a mine foreman (mining foreman, head of mine operations) at the mine of the Shmaev brothers*); secondly, I.Ch. Aidinov was not yet a husband, and, perhaps, he was not acquainted with his future wife
Z.P. Chervonsky (sister of E.P. Vinitsky (Chervonsky)).
I.Ch.Aidinov led an active political life in Lisichansk. On March 12, 1917, the members of the public committees elected the Lisichansk District Committee of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, headed by the Menshevik I.Ch. Aydinov. At that time, the most numerous political organization in Lisichansk was the Socialist-Revolutionary. Only on "Donsode" it included 800-900 people. http://hotel-lisichansk.com/node/1003
At the end of January 1918, it was possible to finally formalize the unification of all independent revolutionary institutions by creating the first county executive committee of councils of workers', peasants' and soldiers' deputies, chaired by Comrade. P. Kazimirchuk with his commissars: administration and food - I. Ch. Aydinov, finance E. Medne, land affairs—I. E. Nagorny, etc. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8 %D1%81%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%E2%84 %96_4_%281923%29.pdf
At the end of January 1918, it was possible to finally formalize the unification of all independent revolutionary institutions by creating the first county executive committee of councils of workers', peasants' and soldiers' deputies, chaired by Comrade. P. Kazimirchuk with his commissars: administration and food - I. Ch. Aydinov, finance E. Medne, land affairs—I. E. Nagorny, etc. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8 %D1%81%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%E2%84 %96_4_%281923%29.pdf
Shmaev Brothers Mine изменить.
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I.Ch. Aidinov
*) In the village of Rubezhnoye, the Shmaevs' mine, founded in 1902, operated. Melnikova". During the First World War, in order to avoid being sent to the front, many wealthy merchants, industrialists and peasants opened mines and shaft mines at their own expense, which allowed them to receive reservations from being drafted into the army. In connection with this, the number of mines increased even more. In 1916, there were 78 mines in Lisichansk, the vast majority of which were small. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvdiMil32s4
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Ironically, S.I. Vinitsky, thanks to preference, escaped execution, and I. Ch. Aydinov, almost 20 years later, during the Stalinist terror, was shot as an "enemy of the people", despite his enormous contribution to the industry of the USSR.
"PURSE" to A.Sagalov
The story that happened to A. Sagalov, connected with preference and chess (www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 2): "Abram Sagalov *) (husband of Klara Maloratsky - Leo Maloratsky's aunt) was an avid high-class preferentialist. Once every half a year, he was on duty in Moscow in the department that oversees two Printing Institutes in the USSR (Lvov and Moscow). In these and on other business trips, he took railway tickets to international carriages, in which quite wealthy people usually traveled. On one of these trips from Lvov to Moscow (in 1950), he found himself in the same compartment with the French chess champion Chantal Chaudé de Silans**), who was on her way to the Moscow International Chess Championship. She turned out (in addition to chess) to be an avid proficient, as she told Abram, who, in one night of the road game, "cleaned her to the skin" (from the memoirs of Vova Kaganovsky). And what a holiday it was for Chantal when, at the 1950 Women's World Championship in Moscow, an employee of the sports committee A. Prorvich, who was in charge of household issues, knocked on her room with the intention of handing her a daily allowance. And that was after that ill-fated night on the train. To the dissatisfied question of Madame "Who is there?" Prorvich could only say in French "Money!" The door immediately flew open, and the smiling chess player exclaimed: “For money, this door is always open!”
And such a case of preferenceist adventures of Abram was far from the only one, he ruthlessly cracked down on other preferenceists.
*) Information from Oleg Sagalov: "My grandfather Avraam Iosifovich Sagalov played chess well (at the level of the first category). For a while he was the chairman of the Lviv Chess and Drafts Club. He was familiar with many chess grandmasters: David Bronstein, Leonid Stein, etc. .d."
**) Chantal Chaudé de Silans (French Chantal Chaudé de Silans; March 9, 1919, Versailles - May 5, 2001, Grasse) - French chess player, honorary grandmaster (1990). Head of the Caissa chess club in Paris. Multiple champion of France (for the first time in 15 years). Participant of many men's national championships. As part of the French team, she participated in the 9th men's (1950) and 1st women's (1957; 1st board) Olympiads. In the World Championship (1949-1950) - 5th-7th places. Participant in the tournaments of contenders: Moscow (1952 and 1955) - 8th-10th and 10th-13th; Vrnjachka Banya (1961) - 12th-14th places. International master since 1950. Honorary grandmaster title awarded in 1990 for past achievements.
***) The tournament for the title of world chess champion was held from December 19, 1949 to January 19, 1950 in Moscow. It was held by decision of FIDE in order to identify a new world champion instead of V. Menchik, who died in London (1944) during the 2nd World War of 1939-1945.
*) Information from Oleg Sagalov: "My grandfather Avraam Iosifovich Sagalov played chess well (at the level of the first category). For a while he was the chairman of the Lviv Chess and Drafts Club. He was familiar with many chess grandmasters: David Bronstein, Leonid Stein, etc. .d."
**) Chantal Chaudé de Silans (French Chantal Chaudé de Silans; March 9, 1919, Versailles - May 5, 2001, Grasse) - French chess player, honorary grandmaster (1990). Head of the Caissa chess club in Paris. Multiple champion of France (for the first time in 15 years). Participant of many men's national championships. As part of the French team, she participated in the 9th men's (1950) and 1st women's (1957; 1st board) Olympiads. In the World Championship (1949-1950) - 5th-7th places. Participant in the tournaments of contenders: Moscow (1952 and 1955) - 8th-10th and 10th-13th; Vrnjachka Banya (1961) - 12th-14th places. International master since 1950. Honorary grandmaster title awarded in 1990 for past achievements.
***) The tournament for the title of world chess champion was held from December 19, 1949 to January 19, 1950 in Moscow. It was held by decision of FIDE in order to identify a new world champion instead of V. Menchik, who died in London (1944) during the 2nd World War of 1939-1945.
Lviv was one of the main chess centers of Austria-Hungary and pre-war Poland. Alekhin, Rubinstein, and Shpilman came here with sessions. After the war, when Western Ukraine became part of the USSR, a chess club was created in Lvov, masters moved here and introduced them to the methods of the Soviet chess school. They were Aleksey Sokolsky, Rafail Gorenstein and the future Lviv chess giants Leonid Stein and Viktor Kart.
2.4 "Roll call" of the Sagalovs and Sagalovsky
From the memoirs of the poet Naum Sagalovsky and his son Viktor, sent to Ilya Goldfarb (grandson of Sofya Sagalova (Maloratsky), who established family ties between the Sagalovs and the ancestors of N. Sagalovsky (see www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com): "... My name is Viktor Sagalovsky (b. 1972), my family emigrated from Kiev in 1979. My father is the poet Naum (originally Nukhim) Sagalovsky (b. 1935), his father is Iosif Sagalovsky (1894 -1975), and his father is in your genealogy, Nuchim Yosevich Sagalovsky (1870-1934) *), his wife was Hanna Veksler.
He was a merchant of the 1st guild, had houses in Kiev and Makarov. He had 13 children, and my grandfather Joseph was the 13th child and the first boy. Photos of Nuchim Yosevich Sagalovsky and his family remained after the evacuation of my father's family in Kiev in 1941. Nuchim Yosevich Sagalovsky was a close friend of the writer Shalom Aleichem. My father and I analyzed the family tree again, and we think that his great-grandfather, Nuchim Yosevech Sagalovsky, was actually born in 1860, and not in 1870. This makes more sense. His father Joseph (1837-1893), his wife Basheva (last name unknown). Naum Yosevich had two brothers and sisters: Sarah (died in World War II) and Riva (immigrated to the United States in 1908). His wife was Hanna Wexler (1862-1941), and the names of 13 children in the order of birth: Esther, Rachel, Tsipura, Chava, Ronya, Sonya, Eta, Dvorya, Cecilia, Rebekah, Lisa, Golda and my grandfather Joseph (1894-1975 ). It is interesting to note that my grandmother Basya (the wife of Iosif (1906-2005) was from Ostropolsky, she said that her great-great-grandfather was Hershele Ostropoler**)".
*) see diagram www.sagalov-godfarb.weebly.com.
**) Hershele Ostropoler (Yiddish הערשעלע אָסטראָפּאָלער - Hershele (Ershele) Ostropoler, lit. one of the main characters of the oral tradition, in particular the jokes and anecdotes of Eastern European Jews. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1 %80,_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88
*) In the document below, dated 1897, among the male Jews, in the town of Makarov, the families of our relatives Nuchim Yosevich Sagalovsky (grandfather of Naum Sagalovsky) and Itsko Duvidovich Sagalovsky appear.
- Fund 384 Inventory 1 File 5. Lists of trading and estate places in the towns of the Kiev district. 1897 (175 l)
Naum Iosifovich Sagalovsky (born in 1935 in Kiev) is a poet, an engineer by profession, graduated from the Novocherkassk Polytechnic Institute, emigrated to the USA in 1979, lives in Chicago. Published in newspapers and magazines in the USA, Canada, Israel, Russia, Ukraine. Author of several collections of poems, including the collection "Demarche of Enthusiasts" (photo below), together with V. Bakhchanyan and S. Dovlatov.
Naum Iosifovich Sagalovsky (born in 1935 in Kiev) is a poet, an engineer by profession, graduated from the Novocherkassk Polytechnic Institute, emigrated to the USA in 1979, lives in Chicago. Published in newspapers and magazines in the USA, Canada, Israel, Russia, Ukraine. Author of several collections of poems, including the collection "Demarche of Enthusiasts" (photo below), together with V. Bakhchanyan and S. Dovlatov.
Nina Alovert began working for The New American from the first issue, her photographs and theatrical articles appeared more and more often on the pages of the newspaper, she became the main chronicler of the life of the NA. Over time, Naum Sagalovsky from Chicago appeared in NA, who created a new column in the weekly - a newspaper in the newspaper: "The New Chicago Man".
From Dovlatov's letters to Sagalovsky:
"Dear Naum! I'm sorry I called you talented. I'm from the heart. And what did you suddenly realize in the seventh year of my delights? Allow me to give you a short lecture as a junior. There are three levels of life. The first one is for oneself, the second one is for people and the third one is for God. God in this case is the highest principle. You live to write poetry. For me it's quite obvious, but for you - I don't know. But without you, a very essential note would be missing in literature. Imagine some kind of "Khovanshchina" without the note "la". Maybe you think that poetry is your property. This is not true. They are more my property than yours."
"Nahum! Every time when it comes to your lyrical poems, you deliberately distort my honed concepts. I never said that I don't like your lyrics because I like them. I said and I can repeat that these are wonderful poems on the level of David Samoilov, Oleg Chukhontsev, Sasha Kushner, Lipkin. I can’t even write - and so on, because there is no “further”, in general.” https://7i.7iskusstv.com/avtory/sagalovsky/
"Dear Naum! I'm sorry I called you talented. I'm from the heart. And what did you suddenly realize in the seventh year of my delights? Allow me to give you a short lecture as a junior. There are three levels of life. The first one is for oneself, the second one is for people and the third one is for God. God in this case is the highest principle. You live to write poetry. For me it's quite obvious, but for you - I don't know. But without you, a very essential note would be missing in literature. Imagine some kind of "Khovanshchina" without the note "la". Maybe you think that poetry is your property. This is not true. They are more my property than yours."
"Nahum! Every time when it comes to your lyrical poems, you deliberately distort my honed concepts. I never said that I don't like your lyrics because I like them. I said and I can repeat that these are wonderful poems on the level of David Samoilov, Oleg Chukhontsev, Sasha Kushner, Lipkin. I can’t even write - and so on, because there is no “further”, in general.” https://7i.7iskusstv.com/avtory/sagalovsky/
2.5 The connection of the descendants of the Kagansky and Radomyslsky
The connection between Meer Kagansky and Pesya Radomyslsky is illustrated below by one of the oldest old family photographs from 1912:
Family of Pesya Kagansky (Radomyslsky): Standing (left to right): Radomysl: Endy/Edel, Meri/Mirul, Yossil/Joe, ? , Shifra, Malka Kagansky (daughter of Pesya and Meer). Sitting in the second row (from left to right): Gersh Avrum Radomyslsky, his second wife Chaya Leah Verlotsky, Meer, Pesya Kagansky (Meer's wife); Sitting in the front row (from left to right): Yankel, Sonya, Shloma Radomyslsky (from Gersh's second marriage), Yankel Kagansky (son of Pesya and Meer). (photo courtesy of Nancy Mednikov)
Diagram of the family of Gersh Radomyslsky:
"Unreliable" Gersh Yankelevich Radomyslsky (1861-1940) - father of Pesya Kagansky (Radomyslsky) Card file "Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable on the territory of Kiev and the Kiev region" https://babynyar.org/ru/archive/15/card-index/12/e3cca856-0e3c-4456-827d-a222b4f07f54 "I received parcels from abroad at the address Radomysl, Bolshaya Chernobylskaya in 1921-1923."
Evobshchestkom: All-Russian Public Committee for Assistance to Victims of Pogroms and Natural Disasters (center in Kharkov) and its Kiev “district commission”. The first Charter of the 40th Evobshchestkom was approved by the NKVD of the RSFSR on July 9, 1920.
Evobshchestkom: All-Russian Public Committee for Assistance to Victims of Pogroms and Natural Disasters (center in Kharkov) and its Kiev “district commission”. The first Charter of the 40th Evobshchestkom was approved by the NKVD of the RSFSR on July 9, 1920.
Gersh Radomyslsky (1861-1940) lived in Radomysl on Rusanovskaya Street near the public prayer house and the public synagogue. Rusanovskaya street, 3-storey house on the left side at the end - a synagogue.
://www.forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?p=95608 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/1894_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4._%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE% D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0% B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8E.pdf
List of parishioners of the prayer school Beit Medrosh 1895, Radomysl: Gersh Radomyslsky (Gersh Yankelevich Radomyslsky, 1861-1940)
List of parishioners of the prayer school Beit Medrosh 1895, Radomysl: Gersh Radomyslsky (Gersh Yankelevich Radomyslsky, 1861-1940)
From the memoirs of Maya Kagansky http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya
“My paternal grandfather, Meer Kagansky, was born in the 1870s, worked for his older brother Moshe, who was a leather specialist and made a fortune during the civil war. During the civil war, a gang of a White Guard officer came to the city. My grandfather Meer, a handsome tall man with a large dark beard, was the first person they met on their way. The bandits brutally killed him. Grandmother Pesya had to raise three children on her own: daughter Malka, father Jacob and youngest son Omo.
“My paternal grandfather, Meer Kagansky, was born in the 1870s, worked for his older brother Moshe, who was a leather specialist and made a fortune during the civil war. During the civil war, a gang of a White Guard officer came to the city. My grandfather Meer, a handsome tall man with a large dark beard, was the first person they met on their way. The bandits brutally killed him. Grandmother Pesya had to raise three children on her own: daughter Malka, father Jacob and youngest son Omo.
The above photograph of the large family of Gersh Radomyslsky was taken 7 years before the death of Meer Kagansky (see story 1.8). On it, on the right, is the family of Pesya Kagansky (Radomyslsky) and Meer Kagansky with two children. Pesya Kagansky sits next to her husband Meer, behind them stands their daughter Malka. Compositionally, Meer Kagansky is sitting surrounded by his family: his wife Pesya, daughter Malka and son Yakov (the youngest son Omo had not yet been born at that time).
It should be noted that in addition to the indicated connection of the Radomyslsky (Pesya) and Kagansky (Meer), in our Pedigree there was another connection between Moshe Radomyslsky and Rachil Maloratsky, the daughter of Chana Kagansky - the sister of Meer Kagansky. As studies have shown (www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1), all of the indicated descendants of the Radomyslskys and Kaganskys had common ancestors, which is illustrated by the diagram below:
It should be noted that in addition to the indicated connection of the Radomyslsky (Pesya) and Kagansky (Meer), in our Pedigree there was another connection between Moshe Radomyslsky and Rachil Maloratsky, the daughter of Chana Kagansky - the sister of Meer Kagansky. As studies have shown (www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1), all of the indicated descendants of the Radomyslskys and Kaganskys had common ancestors, which is illustrated by the diagram below:
This diagram clearly shows how for about 250 years (eight generations) there were meetings of related Radomyslsky and Kagansky not without the participation of Maloratsky
2.6 Distant ancestor - antihero Zinoviev (Radomyslsky)
Among the numerous finds in the history of our Family was a connection with an ancestor with a minus sign, but, as the mustachioed "father of peoples" said (although he did exactly the opposite): "The son is not responsible for the father." The next discovery is about an anti-hero of the times of the Great Terror, of which he himself became a victim. The Bolshevik Grigory Zinoviev (Ovsey-Gersh Radomyslsky) and his family were associated with the Radomyslsky / Maloratsky in the seventh previous generation (their ancestors are the brothers Shlomo and Volko):
Wikipedia: Grigory Evseeevich Zinooviev (real name - Radomyslsky, which he also used as a literary name; as Jewish names in various sources, the first name Evsey and Ovsey, the second name Gersh, Gershen, Gershon and Girsh, patronymic Aronovich are indicated; September 11 (23), 1883, Elisavetgrad, Russian Empire - August 25, 1936, Moscow, USSR - Russian revolutionary, Soviet political and statesman. Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Party (1921-1926), candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) (1919-1921). Member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) (1923-1924). Zinoviev's personal life: https://salik.biz/articles/43469-biografija-grigorija-zinoveva.html
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*) "Radomyslsky (after Apfelbaum's mother) Yevsey-Gershko Aronovich, who later became Zinoviev in his younger years. "... in connection with Zinoviev (and this is a pseudonym) I had to somehow hear an interesting version about the renaming of Radomysl, in the name of which with 1946 the letter "sh" appeared instead of "s". When I asked the old-timer of the city about the reasons for such a replacement, he pointedly said: - Stalin ordered! According to him, it was like this. On December 26, 1943, Radomysl, along with other settlements of Zhytomyr, was liberated from the Nazis. As expected, the Soviet Information Bureau reported. Hearing the message, Joseph Vissarionovich was very indignant: - How? Why hasn't it been renamed yet? After all, the “leader of the peoples” could not even imagine that there was a city whose name, albeit indirectly, points to the executed oppositionist. Therefore, they changed this "uncomfortable" letter. Of course, this story is legendary and anecdotal and resembles the story of the royal finger attached to the ruler, from which on the plan, and then in reality, a meander remained on the Moscow-Petersburg railway. ). But, most likely, Radomysl became Radomysl in 1946 for another reason. When, after the Second World War, the USSR and Poland sorted things out by expelling and resettling Ukrainians and Poles, at the same time they led to “historical identity” and the toponym, “freeing” it from any hints of the Polish past.
Dina Radomyslsky (sister of Grigory Zinoviev). From wood. prepared by Verlinsky from Israel: Naum Verlinsky her husband (1875-1993) Mikhail-Misha Verlinsky Her son (1926-1928) Jonathan Verlinsky Her father-in-law (?-1916) Benjamin Verlinsky Her son-in-law Shlomo Verlinsky Her son-in-law Shulamit Verlinsky.
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Information about Zinoviev's sister - Rivka Leah (Rebekah) Radomyslsky:
Card file "Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable on the territory of Kiev and the Kiev region https://babynyar.org/ru/archive/15/card-index/12/e3cca856-0e3c-4456-827d-a222b4f07f54
Interestingly, the husband of Rebekah Radomyslsky (sister of G. Zinoviev) fell into disgrace with the Soviet authorities when in 1926 Zinoviev teamed up with Trotsky against Stalin, having formed a "united opposition" at the July joint plenum of the Central Committee and the Central Control Commission of the CPSU (b). At the same plenum, he was removed from the Politburo. In October 1926, he was removed from the leadership of the Comintern (Bukharin was appointed instead of Zinoviev). Apparently, already then the scoop punished (not yet so severely) the relatives of "enemies of the people."
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The history of the name of the Kiev street, where R.A. Radomyslsky lived, is interesting.
The commission for renaming the streets of Kiev has now completed the work and prepared the corresponding project, which will be submitted for consideration at the next meeting of the Executive Committee. According to the Bibikovsky Boulevard project will be renamed into Shevchenko Boulevard, Karavaevskaya st. into Kotsiubinsky Street, Pankovskaya Street will be called Antonovich Street, Tarasovskaya Drahomanov Street, M. Blagoveshchenskaya - Pyatakov Street, Aleksandrovskaya - Revolution Street, Tsarskaya Square - International Square, Nikolskaya Street - Resurrection Street, Proreznaya - Radishchev Street, Bulvarno-Kudryavskaya - Street Neronovich, Stolypinskaya - Gershuni street. https://81412.livejournal.com/26517.html
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From 1919 to 1937 the street was named after Pyatakov Georgy Leonidovich (Bolshevik, tortured to death by the Gaidamaks in 1918). But in 1937, his brother Yuri Pyatakov was accused of anti-Bolshevik activities, declared an enemy of the people and shot. Then the name of Pyatakov Street became inappropriate. In 1937, the street was named after Saksagansky Panas Karpovich (actor, theater director, playwright and teacher).
2.7. "Joint" and our ancestors
The origins of the American "Joint" lie in the activities of the Humanitarian Aid Committee, which was created November 27, 1914 - literally three months after the outbreak of the First World War - by three charitable organizations. Among the founders were the American Jewish Relief Committee, founded mainly by German Jewish leaders, the Central Relief Committee, founded by leaders of American religious orthodoxy, and the People's Relief Committee, an organ of Jewish workers' organizations.
For details see www.mloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3, Part 5, APPENDIX 10: "The AMERICAN JOINT AND OUR ANCESTORS".
Jacob and Moshko Zakons
(brothers of Miron Zakon, husband of Manya Maloratsky)
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 2)
Jacob and Moshko Zakons
(brothers of Miron Zakon, husband of Manya Maloratsky)
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 2)
One of the leaders of the "Joint" Yaakov Schiff, a well-known Jewish philanthropist of those years, developed a plan to send the "new" Jews to the port city of Galveston in Texas, from where they could move to the American Midwest*). Our ancestor Yakov Zakon immigrated from the town of Khodorkov through Bremen to Texas alone (as a teenager) under the Galveston plan, with only a few dollars in his pocket
1913 1.
Yakov Zakon 2. Age: 16 years old 3. Marital status: single 4. Family members: father Yitzchok Aizik 48 years old, Sura 41 years old (mother), Moshko 19 years old, Joseph 15 years old, Haika 13 years old, Meer 11 years old, Esther 11 years old, Idel 9 years old, Leicha 4 years 5. Which of the family members is here: Jacob 6. Occupation: Binder 7. Weekly earnings: 4 rubles. 8. How much money does an emigrant have?: How much will you need 9. What language does he speak, write and read: in Russian and in Hebrew 10. Place of residence: m. Khodorkov 11. Place of registry: Radomysl 12. Reason for immigration: lack of income 13. Through which port leaves: - 14 Wants To Go: Galveston 15. Are there relatives at the place of immigration: no |
*) The Galveston Program Almost all of the Jewish immigrants who flooded into America from Eastern Europe were elected in the 1880s. their place of residence are major cities on the East Coast. New York was the largest concentration of Jewish immigrants. As the number of emigrants soared in the early 1890s, many leaders of Jews of German origin living in America, along with some Jews from Eastern Europe, decided to encourage new arrivals to move to less populated areas of the country. The New York job market was crowded, and "local" Jews feared that the new immigrants would either become unemployed or work for lower wages and doom others to unemployment. The latter consideration also gave rise to fear that a new wave of Jewish immigration would not give rise to anti-Semitism. In 1907, Jacob Schiff, a well-known Jewish philanthropist of the day, devised a plan to send the "new" Jews to the port city of Galveston, Texas, from where they could cross into the American Midwest. Schiff calculated that sending 20-25 thousand Jews to Galveston would cost 500 thousand dollars (a considerable amount at that time). He took into account all the relevant factors except one: very few Russian Jews expressed a desire to settle in or around Galveston. For them, moving to America meant living in New York or other major East Coast cities; only there could they find a numerous and congenial Jewish environment. However, Schiff hoped to convince these Jews that away from the East Coast they would have more opportunities to prosper and more chances to become Americanized. During the eight years that he carried out his plan, approximately ten thousand Jews went to Galveston. http://www.istok.ru/library/78-evreyskiy-mir-8-chast-vosmaya-zhizn-amerikanskih-evreev.html |
Jacob Henry Schiff, 1918
Leader of the Joint. New York Port of Galveston https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/galveston-wharves
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After leaving Yakov Zakon was in the file cabinet "Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable on the territory of Kiev and the Kiev region" https://babynyar.org/ru/archive/15/card-index/12/
In this document, in the column "Name and # of the fund" there is a "Jewish emigration sheet for the city of Kiev", the data of which are given above. |
815 Yakov Zakon
Board of the Jewish Emigration Society, Kyiv, M. Blagovesh. 44, apt. 15
STATEMENT On the basis of 2 & 29 of the Statute of the Jewish Emigration Society, we have the honor to submit to YOUR EXCELLENCY a personal list of families and individuals who immigrated from Russia with the assistance of the above-mentioned Society for the period from July 1, 1913 to January 1, 1914, indicating their former place of residence and place of registration. Chairman (signature) Tov. Chairman (signature) Secretary / E. Mandelstam / (signature) |
Emigrants heading from Europe to these states, it was much more profitable and closer to travel through the ports of the Gulf of Mexico, the most significant of which was Galveston, bypassing the ports of the Atlantic Ocean. This has lately brought forward the new Bremen-Galveston shipping line, which is beginning to play an ever greater role in Jewish emigration in view of the hopes that many place on the settlement of the southwestern United States by Jews and the change in the direction of Jewish emigration to America. The work of such resettlement and the direction of emigration through Galveston was taken up by some special Jewish public institutions, both in America and in Russia. In the case of our ancestor Yakov Zakon, this was the Jewish Emigration Society in Kyiv under the chairmanship of Dr. M. E. Mandelstam (according to the above document, Mandelstam was the secretary, and the chairman was another person), specially engaged in recruiting emigrants to the southwestern states and sending them to Galveston (with the provision of preferential travel conditions. Thus, Yakov Zakon immigrated from the town of Khodorkov through Bremen to Texas alone, as a teenager under the Galveston plan, with only a few dollars in his pocket.
Yakov's brother - Moshko (Maurice*)) Zakon immigrated earlier also with the help of the same “Joint” program.
*) Moshko Zakon, who emigrated from the town of Khodorkov, Skvirsky district, Kiev province, upon arrival in America, acquired the name Maurice (only the first letters match). At the same time, the equivalent of the everyday name Moshko is from the religious Hebrew name Moisei, consonant with the name Maurice. If Moshko had been in Soviet reality at a later time, he would have become Mikhail (Misha).
From the memoirs of his son Maurice (photo below):
"When Maurice Zakon arrived in the United States, Texas, the port of Galveston in 1909, he was not yet 16 years old. In Galveston, Texas, there was a Jewish organization that received Russian immigrants who arrived. Maurice was given a cart, and he began to sell fruit. Then Maurice joined the army because he was promised that if anyone fought on the fronts of World War I and survived it, he would automatically receive citizenship by rank.When he enlisted in the army, he had no profession, so he went to the Marine Corps.
The Marine Corps was led by a very famous general named Smedley. Maurice was a quiet man who didn't talk much, and so Bob (Maurice's son) doesn't know how it happened, but somehow he became a staff sergeant in Gen. Smedley's office. For some reason, Smedley took a liking to Maurice and trusted him with dangerous assignments, such as flying in order to collect all the money needed to pay the monthly salary of the Marines at the national base. During his military service, Maurice spent two years in the Philippines fighting Muslims (in those years, Muslims in the Philippines were called Moros). Bob, Maurice's son, says, "Who ever heard of Russians fighting Muslims in the Philippines?" Note that Muslims are only a 5% minority in the Philippines. They live on the largest and southern island of the Philippines, which is called Mindanao, and are concentrated in the southernmost part of this island. Military operations took place against hostile Moros in Mindanao or Jolo from 1910 to 1913. Having annexed the Philippines, American troops launched an active offensive in the territories of the sultanates, and by 1913 the Muslim territories were completely placed under the control of the new administration.
Maurice had severe arthritis. In 1943, on the advice of his doctor, he moved to a state with warmer weather. Maurice, Esther and Bob moved to Los Angeles. In Los Angeles, Maurice worked as a civil engineer for a company until his retirement around 1965. Of course, Maurice had no idea that anyone would try to find him. When he stopped receiving correspondence from Ukraine, he was very upset because he thought that all his brothers and sisters had died. But he did not want to believe in this until his death in 1987.
"When Maurice Zakon arrived in the United States, Texas, the port of Galveston in 1909, he was not yet 16 years old. In Galveston, Texas, there was a Jewish organization that received Russian immigrants who arrived. Maurice was given a cart, and he began to sell fruit. Then Maurice joined the army because he was promised that if anyone fought on the fronts of World War I and survived it, he would automatically receive citizenship by rank.When he enlisted in the army, he had no profession, so he went to the Marine Corps.
The Marine Corps was led by a very famous general named Smedley. Maurice was a quiet man who didn't talk much, and so Bob (Maurice's son) doesn't know how it happened, but somehow he became a staff sergeant in Gen. Smedley's office. For some reason, Smedley took a liking to Maurice and trusted him with dangerous assignments, such as flying in order to collect all the money needed to pay the monthly salary of the Marines at the national base. During his military service, Maurice spent two years in the Philippines fighting Muslims (in those years, Muslims in the Philippines were called Moros). Bob, Maurice's son, says, "Who ever heard of Russians fighting Muslims in the Philippines?" Note that Muslims are only a 5% minority in the Philippines. They live on the largest and southern island of the Philippines, which is called Mindanao, and are concentrated in the southernmost part of this island. Military operations took place against hostile Moros in Mindanao or Jolo from 1910 to 1913. Having annexed the Philippines, American troops launched an active offensive in the territories of the sultanates, and by 1913 the Muslim territories were completely placed under the control of the new administration.
Maurice had severe arthritis. In 1943, on the advice of his doctor, he moved to a state with warmer weather. Maurice, Esther and Bob moved to Los Angeles. In Los Angeles, Maurice worked as a civil engineer for a company until his retirement around 1965. Of course, Maurice had no idea that anyone would try to find him. When he stopped receiving correspondence from Ukraine, he was very upset because he thought that all his brothers and sisters had died. But he did not want to believe in this until his death in 1987.
An excerpt from The Leatherneck: Volume 7 January 1, 1924 Marine Corps Institute, page 12: "The School of Civil Engineering, Marine Corps Institute, takes pleasure is announcing that the entire Civil Engineering Course has been completed and the final examination passed on the November 24, 1924 by Staff Sgt. Maurice Zakon, Post Pay Office, Quantico, VA. Sgt. Zakon is the first throughout has been excellent. The School of Civil Engineering and The Leatherneck congratulations Sgt. Zakon on his marked success in this line of study. MM"Translation: “School of Civil Engineering, Institute of the Marine Corps, is pleased to announce that the entire Civil Engineering course has been completed and the final examination passed on November 24, 1924 by Staff Sergeant Maurice Zakon, Post Office, Quantico, Virginia. Sgt. Zakon the first stage went well. The Construction School and Leatherneck congratulate Sergeant Zakon on his notable achievement in this field of study. M.M."
Joseph and Ovsey Kaganovsky
Brusilovskaya mishpukha Kaganovskyy
Brusilov, 1912 (photo from Vladimir Kaganovsky's archive).
The photo was edited by the heroic efforts of Marina and Yulia Kaganovsky, Alik Kholodenko and Ilya Goldfarb
Tsipa Kaganovsky (Kagansky) and her husband Leib Kaganovsky had 9 sons, including Joseph. Two of them (one of them was named Boruch - the eldest son) died during the Civil War. Five sons (one of whom was named Motel) along with their parents fell ill with typhus and were burned in Brusilov in 1919 in their hut by the Germans, who thus fought the typhus epidemic.
Two sons Joseph (Yosel) and Ovsey (Shika) survived, who managed to escape. In the above family photograph of the Kaganovskys in 1912, i.e. seven years before this tragedy, out of the nine sons of Leib and Tsipa, six can be found, of which only two sons Joseph (Yosel) (left) and Ovsei (Shika) (right) survived.
The photo was edited by the heroic efforts of Marina and Yulia Kaganovsky, Alik Kholodenko and Ilya Goldfarb
Tsipa Kaganovsky (Kagansky) and her husband Leib Kaganovsky had 9 sons, including Joseph. Two of them (one of them was named Boruch - the eldest son) died during the Civil War. Five sons (one of whom was named Motel) along with their parents fell ill with typhus and were burned in Brusilov in 1919 in their hut by the Germans, who thus fought the typhus epidemic.
Two sons Joseph (Yosel) and Ovsey (Shika) survived, who managed to escape. In the above family photograph of the Kaganovskys in 1912, i.e. seven years before this tragedy, out of the nine sons of Leib and Tsipa, six can be found, of which only two sons Joseph (Yosel) (left) and Ovsei (Shika) (right) survived.
In 1919, after the epidemics of the Spanish flu and typhus, many children were left orphans, which were our relatives, including the survivors of these terrible pogroms Ovsey and Iosif Kaganovsky. Therefore, special Jewish orphanages were opened. These houses, with the support of the "Joint", existed until 1922, and many children managed to be taken to the United States - to be reunited with real or imaginary relatives. More than 200,000 Jewish children in Eastern Europe became orphans as a result of the war. To care for them and for children whose parents were unable to support them, the Joint created orphanages, kindergartens and summer camps. At the end of 1922, the "Joint" maintained 913 orphanages in the USSR, in which there were 37.5 thousand pupils. One of these orphanages was the Radomysl orphanage, where the brothers Ovsei and Josif ended up. Kaganovskys.
The director of the Radomysl orphanage, Basya Vilensky (Kagansky), being the wife of Yakov Kagansky, became related to his father Meer Kagansky (by that time, brutally murdered during the Jewish pogrom in Radomysl by the Sokolovsky gang). An excerpt from an interview with Maya Kagansky (daughter of Basya and Yakov Kagansky) (http://www.centropa.org/biography/maya-kaganskaya): "In 1917, my mother returned from Kiev to Radomysl, her place. She was, of course, educated person, she also entered into such a social life. And she was a teacher, and then the director of an orphanage, a children's town. There was such a town of the House of Teenagers ... Mom was in charge of the House of Teenagers, although she herself did not differ much from them in age (approx. ed.: this refers to the age difference; Basya was 17 years old)". |
Iosif, after vagrancy, ended up in the Radomysl orphanage with his brother Ovsey. This orphanage sent him to Kiev to a music school (Iosif played the violin). His brother was assigned to accompany him. However, on the way they ran away again and became vagabonds again. They were caught again, and this time Iosif was sent to Moscow to work at the workers' faculty. Rykov at the Moscow Higher Technical School, which he successfully completed and was admitted to the institute of the Moscow Higher Technical School.
*) An interesting detail: Iosif Kaganovsky began his studies in 1929 at the workers' faculty at the Moscow State Technical University. A.I. Rykov, and finished his studies in 1935 at Moscow Higher Technical School them. N.I. Bauman. On December 20, 1930, the newspapers published a resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on the release of A.I. Rykov from the duties of chairman of the Council of People's Commissars and the Council of Labor and Defense of the USSR. Further, the joint plenum of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks released Rykov from his duties as a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee. In March 1937, he was arrested in the case of the "anti-Soviet bloc of Rights and Trotskyists." In 1938 he was shot by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR.
But not only "Joint" contributed to the rapprochement of the Kaganovsky and Kagansky families. In the Kaganovsky family: the mother of Iosif Kaganovsky - Tsipa Kagansky and the mother of his wife Faina Kaganovsky (Maloratsky) - Chana Kagansky were sisters.
But not only family roots turned out to be common, but the roots of surnames are also common. According to anthroponymy (a science that studies the names and surnames of people), the names Kagansky and Kaganovsky originate from the word “cohen”. In ancient times, the descendants of the high priest Aoron in the male line served in the Jerusalem Temple. After the destruction of the Temple and to this day, kohanim play a special role in the synagogues during prayer; many of them retained additions, these additions turned into their surnames. The surnames Kagansky and Kaganovsky came from the “cohen”. Surname formation forums believe that surnames ending in -s(ts)ky are Ashkenazi Jewish surnames originating from Polish territory.
Sending program "Joint"
In 1921-1923, "Joint", working as part of the American Relief Administration (ARA), facilitated the dispatch from the United States and the distribution of tens of thousands of parcels to victims of pogroms and famine in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. In 1919-1920, the Joint spent $22.7 million to help Jews affected by pogroms in Poland and Ukraine. The recipients of these parcels and money transfers were also our ancestors: Radomyslsky, Kagansky, Kaganovsky, Maloratsky (see https://babynyar.org/ru/archive/15/card-index/12/c1f3d388-f9f6-44a9-9240-8b40bd795522) ARCHIVE /GAKO /CARD FILE IL-KAZ /Card file "Persons recognized by the Soviet authorities as unreliable on the territory of Kiev and the Kiev region"):
As a result of the pogroms, Jews suffered huge human and material losses. Taking into account the situation, the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) decided on June 18, 1920 to allow the creation of a Jewish public organization, the Public Committee for Assistance to the Pogromized Jews. And the impetus for its creation was the initiative of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee "Joint", which offered to provide assistance to the Jews of Russia who suffered from the pogroms. The first Charter 40 of the Jewish Public Committee for Assistance to Victims of Pogroms ("Evobshchestkom"
) was approved by the NKVD of the RSFSR on July 9, 1920.
Thus, in July 1920, in Moscow, in agreement with the Central Committee of the RCP (b), a Jewish organization was established to collect data on pogroms and help their victims - the Evobshchestkom (Jewish Public Committee for Assistance to Victims of Pogroms). He collected "pogrom" materials throughout the territory of the Soviet republics and summarized them. In 1920–1921 The "Evobshchestkom" absorbed the EKOPO (Jewish Committee for Assistance to Victims of War and Pogroms - a public organization that had been operating since the beginning of the First World War) and some other organizations of Jewish mutual assistance. Thus, in July 1920, in Moscow, in agreement with the Central Committee of the RCP (b), a Jewish organization was established to collect data on pogroms and help their victims - the "Evobshchestkom" (Jewish Public Committee for Assistance to Victims of Pogroms). He collected "pogrom" materials throughout the territory of the Soviet republics and summarized them. In 1920–1921 The "Evobshchestkom" absorbed the EKOPO (Jewish Committee for Assistance to Victims of War and Pogroms - a public organization that had been operating since the beginning of the First World War) and some other organizations of Jewish mutual assistance. From the document http://www.choim.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/9.pdf: “We hereby propose to accept for steady leadership the resolution of the Kiev Commission of the "Evobshchestkom" of September 17, 1921, by virtue of which, starting from September, the "Evobshchestkom" ... henceforth does not provide any assistance to persons and institutions that are not directly related to the cause of helping the pogroms ... The Kiev "Evobshchestkom" provides assistance exclusively to victims of pogroms, supplies collectively and individually tens of thousands of victims with clothes, shoes, underwear, food and medicine" that Gershko Yankelevich Radomyslsky was a victim of a pogrom in Radomysl.
On October 30, 1920, the representative of the Joint, a sociologist, Dr. Frank Rosenblatt, spoke at a meeting of the plenum of the "Evobshchestkom". He spoke about the history of the "Joint", the main areas of work, the main contributors. He explained that the idea of helping the victims of the pogroms was very popular among the Jewish population of America http://www.owlapps.net/owlapps_apps/article?id=1484355&lang=ru.
At the peak of the famine that broke out in the Volga region and Eastern Ukraine, the Joint fed up to 2 million people. The Jewish Public Committee ("Evobshchestkom"), with the assistance of the Joint, in 1922 provided assistance to 132,000 children in orphanages, schools, kindergartens, hospitals, and clinics. The "Evobshchestkom" existed for four years and was liquidated in October 1924.
On October 30, 1920, the representative of the Joint, a sociologist, Dr. Frank Rosenblatt, spoke at a meeting of the plenum of the "Evobshchestkom". He spoke about the history of the "Joint", the main areas of work, the main contributors. He explained that the idea of helping the victims of the pogroms was very popular among the Jewish population of America http://www.owlapps.net/owlapps_apps/article?id=1484355&lang=ru.
At the peak of the famine that broke out in the Volga region and Eastern Ukraine, the Joint fed up to 2 million people. The Jewish Public Committee ("Evobshchestkom"), with the assistance of the Joint, in 1922 provided assistance to 132,000 children in orphanages, schools, kindergartens, hospitals, and clinics. The "Evobshchestkom" existed for four years and was liquidated in October 1924.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/P-3050-1-435._1922._%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%85_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%81%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F.pdf
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In 1943, the "Joint" additionally agreed to supply the USSR with food, clothing and other goods that were to be distributed by the Soviet Red Cross Society without distinction of nationality or confession, in areas with a high concentration of Jews. After the end of the war, parcels, as a rule, arrived in different ministries and departments, which were distributed among employees. Panya Vinitsky, who works in the Ministry of Mechanical Engineering, returned from the evacuation and received a package from her ministry with children's things, some of which ended up with her daughter Lyalya (see photo):
Family of Moisei Kagansky
"Joint" actively contributed to the development of Jewish settlements in Eretz-Israel. In general, from 1914 to 1932, the Joint invested more than eight million dollars in Palestine. A malaria control unit was established. With its funding, medical workers ended up in Palestine, who laid the foundation for the Hadassah medical organization. In 1925, Moisei (Moshko) Kagansky "fled" from the persecution of the Bolsheviks to Palestine, leaving his wife Dvora and five daughters in Russia. After about 3 years, his wife with three daughters Esther, Chiva and Zhenya reunited with the father of the family (see story 1.13).
One of Zhenya's daughters (she turned 100 in September 2015) lived in Israel in a kibbutz, which was also formed with the help of the Joint. In the photo: Joseph Ben-Arav (husband of Zhenya Kagansky), Faina Miroshnik, granddaughter of Karnel, Zhenya Ben-Arav (Kagansky) (daughter of Moisey Kagansky) in Kibbutz Kfar Masaryk, 1983 |
Zakons, Kaganskys, Maloratskys
In the early 1920s, the American-Jewish Joint Distribution Committee supported the project to restore the Jewish colonies of Southern Ukraine and entered into an agreement with the Soviet government. In June 1924, an agricultural unit was formed - "Agro-Joint", the main task of which was to provide assistance (financial, personnel, technical, material, etc.) to groups of migrants. In the early 1920s, the American-Jewish Joint Distribution Committee supported the project to restore the Jewish colonies of Southern Ukraine and entered into an agreement with the Soviet government. In June 1924, an agricultural unit was formed - "Agro-Joint", the main task of which was to provide assistance (financial, personnel, technical, material, etc.) to groups of migrants. In Dzhankoy, Agro-Joint built and equipped a factory for the repair of agricultural machinery. Through "Joint" and specially created in 1924 for the implementation of the project of Jewish agricultural colonization in the USSR "Agro-Joint", Jewish families began to receive food, medicine, warm clothes, agricultural equipment and money. Agro-Joint existed in the USSR from July 1924 to November 1938 and was one of the largest and most prominent foreign public organizations in the USSR. It was actually formed back in 1922, when the Joint approved a project to restore Jewish settlements in southern Ukraine and entered into an agreement with the Soviet government that allowed it to personally choose areas for assistance, freely import the necessary goods and personnel, and freely recruit staff employees. During its activity, Agro-Joint has assisted more than 150,000 Jews in resettling on land, founding or strengthening more than 250 settlements, spending $16 million, not counting the issuance of long-term loans. "Joint" took over part of the work on the resettlement and arrangement of Jewish families. In particular, during 1925 - 1926. "Joint" undertook the resettlement of 3320 families (400 thousand rubles). In agricultural settlements financed by the Joint, families of different branches of our ancestors Kagansky, Zakon and Maloratsky worked. These are the family of Naftula Kagansky (son of Yakov Kagansky), the family of Manya Zakon (Maloratsky) (daughters of Chana Kagansky - the sister of Yakov Kagansky) and the family of Srul Kagansky, who was a distant relative of Naftula and Manya.
In 1929, the family of Manya Zakon (Maloratsky) and Miron Zakon moved from Radomysl to the countryside, Novozlatopolsky district, Zaporozhye region. The family of Idel, Miron's brother, moved with them. The Zakon family, like many other families, packed up their belongings, said goodbye to the graves of their ancestors and went to unknown places - to the Jewish national region, which since 1930 became known as Novozlatopolsky - to start a new life. They founded the Freidorf colony. |
A. S. Vinitsky
In 1938, the "Joint" ceased to operate on the territory of the USSR. By that time, the Joint was the only foreign organization operating on the territory of the Union. But repressions began against her. Most of the responsible workers of "Agro-Joint" were repressed and shot. The Joint was expelled from the USSR and declared a spy organization. Some of our ancestors were later declared "agents of the Joint".
A.S. Vinitsky - "agent of the Joint" (www.arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com):
In 1949, one of the employees of A.S. Vinitsky, Andrey Alferov, whom A.S. took care of and helped, rushing to the position of his boss, launched a slanderous “duck” that Arkady Savvich was an “agent of the Joint”, after which A.S. There were big problems with health and work. |
In 1953, the Soviet regime cynically used the Joint as an American intervention, a cover for terrorist organizations and espionage activities in the USSR. The name of this organization was linked with the "conspiracy of poisoning doctors" and became the object of hatred of the general population.
E.I. Vinitsky
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 2, Part 1)
On January 13, 1953, without suspecting anything, Leo Maloratsky went on foot to his
school. Along the way, he noticed that the muffled people were standing at glassed-in
newspaper stands, reading newspapers and being in some kind of unusual excitement,
exchanging their impressions, and the words “Jews”, “Jews” reached him. He was never able
to figure out what had happened until he arrived at the school and found out about the
Doctors' Arrest Report and the details of the "conspiracy" that appeared in an unsigned article
"Sneaky spies and assassins disguised as medical professors" published in " Pravda, January
13, 1953. This directive article, written by Pravda's editor-in-chief Dmitry Shepilov, was
published in an editorial, and therefore without a signature. The "Doctors' Case" is a high-
profile criminal case in the history of the USSR against a group of prominent Soviet doctors
accused of conspiracy and murder of a number of Soviet leaders. This anti-Jewish action,
undertaken by the authorities in 1952 - early 1953, went down in history as one of the many
provocations of the dictatorial regime of Stalin. In fairness, there were no echoes of this event
in his school, but his relatives, especially those related to medicine, "sipped" in full.
Fortunately, the mustachioed monster soon died and the “doctors' case” was closed.
The Joint Foundation was accused of all mortal sins in 1953, when the case of "killer doctors" was fabricated. The accusation was based on the allegation that “the majority of the members of the terrorist group... were associated with the international Jewish bourgeois-nationalist organization Joint, created by American intelligence, allegedly to provide material assistance to Jews in other countries. In fact, as it turned out, this organization is carrying out extensive espionage, terrorist and other subversive activities in a number of countries, including the Soviet Union.” The names of nine doctors were named.. Six of them were Jews... Eva Iosifovna Vinitsky was accused in the "doctors' case" of using factory-made penicillin (at that time a very valuable medicine*)) to treat a priest from
v. Fryazevo. Plus, they "sewn" her nepotism (Lizochka). And Eva Iosifovna was saved from prison by her former patient - the chairman of the City Executive Committee. Everyone said goodbye to Eva Iosifovna before the court. |
*) After the war, the Soviets lagged behind the West by almost a decade in their work on penicillin. In order not to waste time and human lives, the then director of the All-Union Institute of Penicillin, N. M. Borodin, offered to purchase a whole penicillin plant from the former allies. After difficult negotiations, it was decided to buy advanced technology from America. In August 1947, a commission was sent to the West under the leadership of Borodin with the corresponding task. In 1947-48, the Borodin Commission unsuccessfully tried to buy a penicillin plant, first in the USA and then in Great Britain. By this time, relations between the Soviet Union and the former allies had finally deteriorated. The United States imposed an embargo on the supply of penicillin equipment to the countries of the communist bloc. Then Borodin guessed to write directly to one of the creators of penicillin, Nobel laureate Boris Chain. Chain could not sell the plant to the USSR, but he had a patent for the technology. Professor Chain, in fact Boris Khain, was a Jew, the son of an immigrant from Mogilev. He spoke good Russian and was sympathetic to the Soviet Union. Having lost his family in Nazi concentration camps, Cheyne valued people's lives more than big shots in the governments of England and America. The answer from the scientist came immediately. Cheyne agreed to transfer to the USSR his patent for crystalline penicillin, his data on the industrial production of penicillin, and also offered his help in training personnel in his laboratory in Oxford - all this for a completely nominal fee. Despite the sale of the patent, Cheyne was not touched in England - he was a Nobel laureate and an Oxford professor..
The official TASS statement said: “Most of the members of the terrorist group (Vovsi M.S., Kogan B.B., Feldman A.I., Grinshtein A.M., Etinger Ya.G. and others) were associated with the international Jewish the bourgeois-nationalist organization "Joint", created by American intelligence ostensibly to provide material assistance to Jews in other countries. In fact, under the direction of American intelligence, this organization conducts extensive espionage, terrorist and other subversive activities in a number of countries, including the Soviet Union. The arrested Vovsi told the investigation that he received a directive "on the extermination of the leading cadres of the USSR" from the United States from the organization "Joint" through a doctor in Moscow Shimeliovich and a well-known Jewish bourgeois nationalist Mikhoels." An orgy of fear and hatred began in the country. Ordinary district doctors began to be massively expelled from work, or forced to be the first to swallow the powders and potions prescribed by them in order to prove that they were not poisoned. Stalin, in full accordance with his sadistic inclinations, wished that the Jews themselves asked to be “flogged”, that is, they turned to the government with an open collective letter of repentance (for the text of the letter, see story 3.12), which would express a request to restore the good name of Soviet Jews on the development of the expanses of the Far East and the Far North. An excerpt from the letter:
"... the interests of which Jews are defended by the international Zionist organization "Joint", which is a branch of American intelligence? As is known, a spy group of killer doctors was recently exposed in the USSR. The criminals, among whom the majority are Jewish bourgeois nationalists recruited by the "Joint" - M. Vovsi, M. Kogan, A. Feldman, J. Etinger, A. Greenstein - set as their goal, through sabotage treatment, to shorten the life of active workers in the Soviet Union, to disable the leading cadres of the Soviet Army and thereby undermine the country's defense. Only people without honor and conscience, who sold their soul and body to the imperialists, could commit such heinous crimes. It is absolutely clear that the leaders of the state of Israel, the leaders of the "Joint" and other Zionist organizations are fulfilling the will of the presumptuous Jewish imperialists and those who are their true masters. It's no secret that these masters are American and British billionaires and millionaires, thirsting for the blood of peoples in the name of new profits. Which Jews' interests are defended by the international Zionist organization "Joint", which is a branch of American intelligence? As you know, a spy group of murderous doctors was recently exposed in the USSR. Criminals, among whom the majority are Jewish bourgeois nationalists recruited by the Joint - M. Vovsi, M. Kogan, A. Feldman, J. Etinger, A. Grinshtein - set as their goal, through sabotage treatment, to shorten the life of active workers in the Soviet Union, to disable the leading cadres of the Soviet Army and thereby undermine the country's defense. Only people without honor and conscience, who sold their soul and body to the imperialists, could commit such heinous crimes. It is absolutely clear that the leaders of the state of Israel, the leaders of the "Joint" and other Zionist organizations are fulfilling the will of the presumptuous Jewish imperialists and those who are their true masters. It's no secret to anyone that these masters are American and British billionaires and millionaires, thirsting for the blood of peoples in the name of new profits.
"... the interests of which Jews are defended by the international Zionist organization "Joint", which is a branch of American intelligence? As is known, a spy group of killer doctors was recently exposed in the USSR. The criminals, among whom the majority are Jewish bourgeois nationalists recruited by the "Joint" - M. Vovsi, M. Kogan, A. Feldman, J. Etinger, A. Greenstein - set as their goal, through sabotage treatment, to shorten the life of active workers in the Soviet Union, to disable the leading cadres of the Soviet Army and thereby undermine the country's defense. Only people without honor and conscience, who sold their soul and body to the imperialists, could commit such heinous crimes. It is absolutely clear that the leaders of the state of Israel, the leaders of the "Joint" and other Zionist organizations are fulfilling the will of the presumptuous Jewish imperialists and those who are their true masters. It's no secret that these masters are American and British billionaires and millionaires, thirsting for the blood of peoples in the name of new profits. Which Jews' interests are defended by the international Zionist organization "Joint", which is a branch of American intelligence? As you know, a spy group of murderous doctors was recently exposed in the USSR. Criminals, among whom the majority are Jewish bourgeois nationalists recruited by the Joint - M. Vovsi, M. Kogan, A. Feldman, J. Etinger, A. Grinshtein - set as their goal, through sabotage treatment, to shorten the life of active workers in the Soviet Union, to disable the leading cadres of the Soviet Army and thereby undermine the country's defense. Only people without honor and conscience, who sold their soul and body to the imperialists, could commit such heinous crimes. It is absolutely clear that the leaders of the state of Israel, the leaders of the "Joint" and other Zionist organizations are fulfilling the will of the presumptuous Jewish imperialists and those who are their true masters. It's no secret to anyone that these masters are American and British billionaires and millionaires, thirsting for the blood of peoples in the name of new profits.
The death of Stalin prevented the case from being brought to trial. On the night of April 4, all those arrested in the "doctors' case" and their wives were suddenly taken out of prison, put in cars and driven home. Only when they were free did people learn about what was written about them in the newspapers, about Stalin's death, about their rehabilitation. On the same day, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, doctor Lidia Timashuk, on whose denunciation the case was falsified, was deprived of the Order of Lenin, which she was awarded on January 20, 1953.
Y.L. Veitzel
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 3)
Approximately in 1922 Y.L.Veitzel moved from Zaporozhye to Moscow and settled with
friends in a tiny apartment, opened a bakery. Soon Yakov Lvovich entered and graduated from
the 2nd Medical Institute. He worked as the Chief Physician of ZIL (the plant named after
Likhachev). During the war, Y.L.Veitzel joined the Museum of Military Medicine (MMM)
and reached Berlin. On January 31, 1943, the first 33 full-time employees (11 servicemen and
22 civilians) were introduced to the staff of the museum. Among the 11 servicemen was the
major of the medical service Y.L. Veitzel.
Yakov Lvovich Veitzel was dismissed from the army due to illness on March 26, 1946. After
the end of the war, Y.L. Veitzel returned to Moscow and worked at the Semashko Health
Organization Institute as Secretary of the Academic Council. In 1953, during the "doctors'
case", Y.L. Veitzel was removed from his leadership position and was forced to take courses
in radiology. Until the end of his life, he worked as a radiologist in the Basmannaya
Polyclinic in Moscow. Despite the official announcement of the "Doctors' Plot" as a gross
fabrication in April 1953, some people in Russia still believe that the "Joint" is an
intelligence organization.
Yakov Lvovich Veitzel (1895 - 1974)
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Veitzel Yakov Lvovich (Leibovich), born in 1895, military doctor of the 2nd rank; since the beginning of the war he served in REG-36; since March 1943 - in the VMM, head of the department of medical statistics. Dismissed to the reserve due to illness on March 26, 1946. From January 14, 1945, the troops of the 8th Army took part in the Vistula-Oder strategic operation (January 12 - February 3). In cooperation with other troops, they liberated Lodz (January 19). On January 28, 1945, army troops crossed the border of Germany. The 8th Guards Army completed its combat path with participation in the Berlin strategic operation (April 16 - May 8, 1945).
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2.8 Encounters with the past
Meetings of Iosif Kaganovsky with the Jewish poetess Riva Balyasnaya
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1, Part 1)
After the tragic death of their parents and the subsequent vagrancy of 13-year-old Joseph and
14-year-old Ovsey Kaganovsky in 1919, they ended up in the Radomysl orphanage.
In the house number 52 on the street. Malaya Zhytomyr after the civil war was an orphanage. Previously, the house belonged to the court councilor, the head of the city council Feodosy Konstantinovich Grintsevich. http://radomyshl-nash-dim.blogspot.com/2017/04/blog-post_10.html
In the same Radomysl orphanage, from 1918 to 1923, the famous Jewish poetess Riva
Naumovna Balyasnaya (1910-1980), who was left without parents in early childhood, was
brought up in the future. The brothers Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky were in this orphanage
together with Riva since 1920. Later their paths diverged: Riva graduated from a factory
school in Kiev and from the age of 15 (since 1925), worked at a shoe factory, then became
famous Jewish poetess. Josif and Ovsei still wandered, and then ended up in Moscow. Fate
brought Josif Kaganovsky and Riva Balyasnaya together many years later on the 50th
anniversary of their Radomysl orphanage:
Naumovna Balyasnaya (1910-1980), who was left without parents in early childhood, was
brought up in the future. The brothers Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky were in this orphanage
together with Riva since 1920. Later their paths diverged: Riva graduated from a factory
school in Kiev and from the age of 15 (since 1925), worked at a shoe factory, then became
famous Jewish poetess. Josif and Ovsei still wandered, and then ended up in Moscow. Fate
brought Josif Kaganovsky and Riva Balyasnaya together many years later on the 50th
anniversary of their Radomysl orphanage:
(photo from the archive of Vladimir Kaganovsky)
On the 50th anniversary of the Radomyshl orphanage: Iosif Kaganovsky is on the far right,
Riva Balyasnaya is second on the left; obviously, the guests receive books by R. Balyasnaya
as a gift (the photo was taken around 1968).
Riva Naumovna Balyasnaya (1910-1980) in different years of her life (before and after
imprisonment):
On the 50th anniversary of the Radomyshl orphanage: Iosif Kaganovsky is on the far right,
Riva Balyasnaya is second on the left; obviously, the guests receive books by R. Balyasnaya
as a gift (the photo was taken around 1968).
Riva Naumovna Balyasnaya (1910-1980) in different years of her life (before and after
imprisonment):
In 1952, she was arrested and sentenced to 10 years in prison. On December 17, 1955 she was
released, on January 9, 1956 she was rehabilitated and reinstated in the Writers' Union of
Ukraine.
released, on January 9, 1956 she was rehabilitated and reinstated in the Writers' Union of
Ukraine.
"Everything is mixed up in the house" Kaganovsky, Kagansky, Maloratsky
"Everything is mixed up in the Oblonskys' house"
L. N. Tolstoy "Anna Karenina" (1875)
Yakov's uncle was our Moisei Kagansky, Maya's grandfather*) on the father's side was Meer
Kagansky (brother of Moisei Kagansky). Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky were in the
Radomyslsky orphanage, the director of which was the wife of Yakov Kagansky, the nephew
of Tsipa Kagansky (by her husband Kaganovsky) (the mother of Iosif and Ovsey). Thus,
Yakov Kagansky was the cousin of Iosif Kaganovsky on the maternal side (Tsipa and Meer
Kagansky were sister and brother). Of course, the 13-year-old homeless child Iosif did not
suspect this. Did the director of the orphanage, Basya Kagansky, know about this? Unlikely.
Just as Vova Kaganovsky did not suspect that he had a second cousin, Maya Kagansky. Here
one should not confuse Vova's cousin relationship with Maya Kaganovsky (daughter of Ovsei
Kagansky, granddaughter of Tsipa Kagansky). In general, "everything was mixed up in the
house" of the Kaganskys - Kaganovskys.
*) Maya's name https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8F_(%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8F The Hebrew version traces the beginning of the name to the word "Maim" (Hebrew מים), which in Hebrew means "water". In Aramite, the language of the Talmud, in ancient times colloquial among the Jews, "Maya" (Aram. מיא) also means "water". The name Maya is a shortened form of some female names. According to Bader's Hebrew Names Index https://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=2059 MAYA (MIRYEM) = MANIA (MIRYEM) = MUSYA (MIRYEM) These names are found in our Pedigree: Maya Kagansky, Maya Kaganovsky, Maya Sagalova, Manya Maloratsky, Musya Veitzel.
*) Maya's name https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8F_(%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8F The Hebrew version traces the beginning of the name to the word "Maim" (Hebrew מים), which in Hebrew means "water". In Aramite, the language of the Talmud, in ancient times colloquial among the Jews, "Maya" (Aram. מיא) also means "water". The name Maya is a shortened form of some female names. According to Bader's Hebrew Names Index https://forum.j-roots.info/viewtopic.php?t=2059 MAYA (MIRYEM) = MANIA (MIRYEM) = MUSYA (MIRYEM) These names are found in our Pedigree: Maya Kagansky, Maya Kaganovsky, Maya Sagalova, Manya Maloratsky, Musya Veitzel.
Meer Kagansky (1870-1919) (photo taken in 1912) "Meer Kagansky was an employee of his brother. This is the younger brother, Moishe (Moisei ed.), he got rich, and his grandfather was some kind of employee. And on the very first day, when Sokolovsky entered Radomysl, his grandfather met , and he was handsome, with a bushy black beard, and they killed him. Grandmother was left with three children".
(from an interview with Maya Kagansky) Basya Kagansky (Vilensky) (1900-1977), wife of Yakov Kagansky, Director of the orphanage (from 1917 to 1921), where Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky were (the photograph was taken around 1925). Yakov Meerovich Kagansky (1903-1985) son of Meer and Pesya Kagansky, husband of Betya Kagansky, father of Maya Kagansky, cousin of Iosif and Ovsey Kaganovsky. (photo taken around 1925) |
Letter from Josif Kaganovsky to Mark Maloratsky (father of German Maloratsky):
Moscow 22/IX - 41 Hello dear dad! Exactly 10 days since I returned to Moscow from Fani. Only yesterday I found out Herman's address and wrote him a letter. I also told him about the help you need. In addition, I found out the address of Slava and today I will write a letter to her. I have everything in the old way. I am here, and Fanya with two children is there. Shika and his family are in the Saratov region. We kindly request you to write a detailed letter in Russian. Herman's address: Active Army, field mail # 945877 p/s. Glory's address: Ufa post office on demand Greenberg. All the best. Hello to all of us. Hello from Fani. Iosif |
Comments on the letter: This postcard, dated September 22, 1941, contains the address of German Maloratsky: field mail # 945877 p/s. The only "hook" indicating that the fighter served in the 282nd rifle division is the 945th Field Postal Station (p / s) - it was from this address that letters from the fighters of the 282nd rifle division of the 1st formation came home, in which German fought. And it was precisely according to these letters that the fighters were registered as missing after the war - 3 months were added to the date of the last letter - so the date of registration of the missing was approximate and did not always correspond to reality. German Markovich Maloratsky was reported missing in October 1941. So the letters of Iosif and possibly Mark Maloratsky (at the end of September) could hardly reach German Maloratsky.
Meeting with the widow of M. Voloshin
In 1958, Leo Maloratsky visited Voloshin's house as part of a small local history youth group. Until 1976,
Voloshin's widow, Marya Stepanovna Voloshina, lived in this house. Her efforts managed to preserve everything
that surrounded the poet during his lifetime. She preserved the memorial furnishings of the rooms, the library, and the archive. It is still not clear how we managed to get into this fabulous house. As Novodvorskaya recalls, “...
they didn’t even let us into the Literary Fund to see Marya Voloshina, as they let Zhenya (Evgeny Yevtushenko,
ed.) and Andryusha” (Andrey Voznesensky, ed.).
Indelible impressions from the young radiant eyes of the widow M. Voloshin, who led a local history group
throughout the house, and from the huge portrait of Voloshin by Diego Rivera (above the stairs to the 2nd floor)
(see photo below), which for some reason L did not write about Ulitskaya in the "Green Tent" when describing
the interior of the house. The house for some reason not listed in this “tourist list”:se was built in 1903-1913. Voloshin and his mother,
Elena Ottobaldovna Voloshina. The poet's house has become a place of pilgrimage for the creative intelligentsia.
Poets, writers, cultural figures came here to visit Voloshin - O. Mandelstam, A. Bely, M. Gorky, V. Bryusov,
A. Tolstoy, M. Bulgakov, V.Veresaev, A.Green, S.Efron, M.Tsvetaeva, N.Gumilyov, S.Parnok, I.Ehrenburg,
M.Zoshchenko,K.Chukovsky, K.Petrov-Vodkin, G.Neigauz, and also poets K. Balmont, A. Blok; writers R. Rollan,
A. Tolstoy, I. Bunin; playwright M. Maeterlinck, philosophers V. Solovyov, N. Berdyaev, artists F. Leger, A.
Modigliani, P. Picasso, D. Rivera, V. Surikov, A. Benois, M. Kustodiev; dancer Isadora Duncan, theater figure
S. Diaghilev, aircraft designers S. Korolev and O. Antonov, and many others.
Meeting with the widow of A. Green
In the same 1958, Leo Maloratsky was lucky enough to meet A. Green's widow*) Nina Nikolaevna in Stary Krym. When she started talking about her husband, her eyes lit up and shone with great love.
*) In 1945, Green's widow was arrested, allegedly for collaborating with the Germans, and exiled; the house was left unattended. I remember the furnishings of the room: a simple bed, a bedside table… The house itself is low, without amenities. Feeling of terrible poverty and wretchedness. In 1955, Nina Nikolaevna returned to Stary Krym, finding other people's tenants in the house and terrible devastation.
Memorial room of the A. Green Museum in Stary Krym. But Leo Maloratsky did not see this decoration (in 1958); there were only the bare walls of a Ukrainian hut. In the village of Stary Krym, there are two paired graves in the cemetery. Writer Alexander Grin and his wife are buried in one of them, film director Alexei Kapler and poetess Yulia Drunina are buried in the other.
TV meetings
First meeting
A vivid memory of 1946 or 1947. Television was just beginning then. The father of Gena Kleisinger's classmate, I.L. Kleizinger, was a member of the television section of the Central Radio Club and owned one of the first televisions in Moscow. In his apartment, the guys in our class watched the first television programs. Then there was only one channel with limited time and subject (I think, something like "In the animal world").
The history of the creation of television in the USSR: it was based on “German developments” stolen after the war. The release of the first batch of televisions in the amount of 50 pieces was in the 3rd quarter of 1946 and 500 receivers in the 4th quarter of the same year. German technological experience and the culture of creating television equipment largely contributed to the creation of reliable television equipment in the USSR. The TV became truly popular after 1949, when the first model for intra-family viewing appeared - the legendary KVN-49. Stalin and members of the Politburo had such a TV. The name consisted of capital letters of the names of the creators of the device: Kenigson, Varshavsky, Nikolaevsky. The people deciphered the name of this device as follows: "bought, turned on, does not work."
Second meeting
In 1958, a theft occurred at a student practice at a television factory in Fili: student Leo Maloratsky tried to take a piece of rubber tape out of the factory in his outer pocket in order to strengthen the lens of a home TV KVN-49. But he was stopped by a vigilant watchman and this case was transferred to the institute. A scandal followed and suspension from practice at this plant. A week before, unknown people stole a huge (at that time) TV set from this protected factory at night, which was being prepared for display at an international exhibition in Brussels*). The kidnappers and the TV were not found.
In 1958, a theft occurred at a student practice at a television factory in Fili: student Leo Maloratsky tried to take a piece of rubber tape out of the factory in his outer pocket in order to strengthen the lens of a home TV KVN-49. But he was stopped by a vigilant watchman and this case was transferred to the institute. A scandal followed and suspension from practice at this plant. A week before, unknown people stole a huge (at that time) TV set from this protected factory at night, which was being prepared for display at an international exhibition in Brussels*). The kidnappers and the TV were not found.
*) The most promoted exhibition brand was EXPO 1958 - the World Exhibition in Brussels. Its slogan is "We live in 1958, the year of technological miracles, when everything is possible!". Everything they could boast of was brought to the exhibition - the achievements of science, culture, art. In addition, the pavilion was literally filled with machine tools and other mechanisms - samples of all kinds of equipment - both natural, operating specimens, the work of which could be observed with one's own eyes - a walking excavator, a hydrofoil boat, automatic machines, and mock-ups. But the ill-fated TV, alas, was not there.
USSR pavilion at the Brussels Exhibition, 1958
Third meeting
After 20 years, the director of the All-Union Research Institute of Receiving Television Equipment (VNIIPTT) S.V. Novakovsky interviewed Leo Maloratsky, then sent him to work in the personnel department for registration, where after filling out the questionnaire (of course, including the 5th paragraph) Leo was asked: "Why did you come here?"
This ended the television meetings under the conditional name "televeizmir"*).
*) Weizmir - this word translated from Yiddish means “My God”, “woe to me”, “it is sad for me”, “Oh my God”.
Entry into the past
(Shekhtel's house)
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 3, Part 1)
House of Shekhtel 1983 The Maloratskys moved to an apartment on Sadovaya-Samotechnaya Street, house 6. This house was built in 1898 according to the design of the famous architect F. Shekhtel. The house had huge windows (one of which was Maloratsky), painted ceilings, fireplaces with colored tiles from Vrubel's workshop, which, of course, were plundered or destroyed by the Bolsheviks. As for the painted ceilings, after the apartment of the Maloratskys was flooded by a neighbor from above, they began to blur the ceiling, on which a beautiful painting was discovered, according to the sketches of Shekhtel himself. This house was created by two remarkable Moscow architects: Fyodor Osipovich Shekhtel and Gustav Avgustovich Gelrikh. It is located at Sadovaya-Samotechnaya street, 6. At the beginning of the 19th century. the estate of the Protasovs was located on this place. In 1898, according to the project of Shekhtel, the house was rebuilt. Now for the noblewoman Maria Sergeevna Malich. An interesting biography of the mistress of this house. Maria Sergeevna, a beautiful gypsy from the choir of the Strelna restaurant, married the Polish prince Vladimir Grigoryevich Malich. She received the nobility through her husband. In 1905, the hereditary honorary citizen Vladimir Petrovich Smirnov, the son of the famous "vodka king" Peter Arsenievich Smirnov, became the owner of the mansion. In the same year, the house was rebuilt again, now according to the project of the famous architect Gustav Avgustovich Gelrich. After the revolution, the descendants of the Smirnovs left behind an apartment on the ground floor, which, like the rest of the premises, was soon turned into communal apartments. In the 1960s, the house was once again rebuilt and built on. The date "1964" on the facade of the house is just the date of perestroika. http://www.peshkompomoskve.ru/fedor_shehtel/
Before entering a 4-room apartment in the house of the architect Shekhtel (opposite the Obraztsov Puppet Theater) from a 3-room "Khrushchev" on Koptevskaya Street Maloratsky a multiple exchange of different apartments was made with a significant surcharge.
Interesting story of the house #6 http://forum.vgd.ru/post/1516/52163/p1677956.htm This house has several large outbuildings that have been preserved from the day of construction. The whole house once belonged to Vladimir Petrovich Smirnov, one of the sons of Pyotr Arsenyevich *), and was reconstructed by Fyodor Shekhtel.
*) The famous vodka king, Supplier of the Court of His Imperial Majesty, hereditary honorary citizen, commerce adviser, merchant of the first guild Pyotr Arsenievich Smirnov (1831-1898) was born into a family of serfs in the Myshkinsky district of the Yaroslavl province. Having received his freedom, he moved to Moscow, where in 1860 he opened a small wine shop with 9 employees. Three years later, in 1863, he built a small vodka distillery in Moscow on Ovchinnikovskaya Embankment, near the Cast Iron Bridge, which in 1864 employed no more than 25 people.
The plant immediately began to produce high quality goods and its products were quickly and widely used. From three marriages he had 13 children. When in 1911 the son of Pyotr Arsenyevich, Vladimir Petrovich Smirnov, divorced his wife, he left the house to her. Then his wife, who did not have much money, sold the house, leaving herself one apartment with eight rooms on the ground floor. And after the revolution, it was compacted, and the apartment was turned into a communal apartment. In total, thirty-five people lived in an apartment with one toilet.
Interesting story of the house #6 http://forum.vgd.ru/post/1516/52163/p1677956.htm This house has several large outbuildings that have been preserved from the day of construction. The whole house once belonged to Vladimir Petrovich Smirnov, one of the sons of Pyotr Arsenyevich *), and was reconstructed by Fyodor Shekhtel.
*) The famous vodka king, Supplier of the Court of His Imperial Majesty, hereditary honorary citizen, commerce adviser, merchant of the first guild Pyotr Arsenievich Smirnov (1831-1898) was born into a family of serfs in the Myshkinsky district of the Yaroslavl province. Having received his freedom, he moved to Moscow, where in 1860 he opened a small wine shop with 9 employees. Three years later, in 1863, he built a small vodka distillery in Moscow on Ovchinnikovskaya Embankment, near the Cast Iron Bridge, which in 1864 employed no more than 25 people.
The plant immediately began to produce high quality goods and its products were quickly and widely used. From three marriages he had 13 children. When in 1911 the son of Pyotr Arsenyevich, Vladimir Petrovich Smirnov, divorced his wife, he left the house to her. Then his wife, who did not have much money, sold the house, leaving herself one apartment with eight rooms on the ground floor. And after the revolution, it was compacted, and the apartment was turned into a communal apartment. In total, thirty-five people lived in an apartment with one toilet.
Massive paneled double-leaf doors 4 meters high (see photo on the right) were transported from the Chervonsky apartment near the Belorussky railway station, in a house that was to be demolished, and manually cleaned of oil paint; in the process of restoration Surprises awaited the Maloratskys: in particular, the names and dates of his patients were recorded on the doors by the physician Iosif Chervonsky, brother of E.P. Vinitsky - grandmother Elena Maloratsky.
On one of the doors, an original brass handle in the shape of a seahorse, made according to Shekhtel's sketches, has been preserved (see photo on the left). It was smeared with a thick layer of paint, so the builders did not pay attention to it during the overhaul and did not steal it, as they did with other accessories, up to parquet, marble window sills, etc. After the Maloratsky the door handle was cleaned of paint, it became a landmark of the apartment. The Maloratskys were convinced that the pen was made according to the sketch of Shekhtel at the Shekhtel exhibition in the House of Architects in Moscow. |
*) On the opposite (from the Maloratsky house) side of the Sadovaya-Samotechnaya is located the Central Puppet Theater. S. V. Obraztsova with an amazing watch. Every hour, mechanical figures play a small performance: a rooster crows on the facade of the theater and the melody "In the garden, in the garden" sounds. In turn, in one of the twelve windows, a fabulous animal is shown: a donkey, a cat, an owl and others. Together, all the animals appear only twice a day - at noon and at midnight. Thanks to this watch, such a thing as the "hour of the wolf" appeared. In a store near the theater (next to the Maloratskys' house), as well as throughout the country of the USSR, alcohol began to be sold strictly from 11.00. It was at this time that a wolf appeared from its window on the clock on the facade of the Puppet Theater. This hour was eagerly awaited by many, who in the morning were overcome by an unpleasant feeling of a hangover. And now, about the onset of the long-awaited 11 o'clock, they were informed by the wolf, which "settled" in the house, replacing the number "11". The wolf had a knife in his hand. Big jokers said that the wolf waited in the wings and was preparing to cut a snack. Since then, for many years, 11 o'clock in the morning, when the sale of alcohol in the USSR began, all over the country began to be called the "hour of the wolf", precisely thanks to the clock of the Puppet Theater. These clocks were clearly visible from the Maloratsky’s apartment, and over time they got used to their hourly melody.
last meeting
"Meeting place cannot be changed"
In the United States at the end of the 19th century. early 20th century refugees from Russia began to arrive, and their number was almost 80% of the total number of immigrants. Jews literally boarded steamships in Hamburg or London by the thousands, crossed the ocean in absolutely unbearable conditions of steamship holds, suffered from tuberculosis and intestinal infections. Over 12 million immigrants sailed to the United States via Ellis Island, the country's main gateway between 1892 and 1924.
"Meeting place cannot be changed"
In the United States at the end of the 19th century. early 20th century refugees from Russia began to arrive, and their number was almost 80% of the total number of immigrants. Jews literally boarded steamships in Hamburg or London by the thousands, crossed the ocean in absolutely unbearable conditions of steamship holds, suffered from tuberculosis and intestinal infections. Over 12 million immigrants sailed to the United States via Ellis Island, the country's main gateway between 1892 and 1924.
American meetings. All Jews went to the waiting room (right photo below), where their documents were checked and their state of health was assessed: they looked behind the eyelids, checked their teeth, asked a dozen questions, and at the end put a special sign on their clothes with chalk.
After meeting with the immigration authorities and being examined, the immigrants descended a staircase divided into three flights, called the "stairs of separation" (photo below), because here many parted ways http://afisha.nyc/istoriya-ellis-ajlenda-punkt-propuska -v-novuyu-zhizn/
The left march led to the ferry, which was running The middle march led to the hall of temporary detainees.The right march led to the railway
between the island and Manhattan. On this ferry During the years of mass immigration,
20% of newcomers box office where immigrants bought tickets
people who received permission to settle. detained as unhealthy, “politically detained as unhealthy, “politically to anywhere in the US except
New York.
in New York City on the Lower East Side or. unwanted” or “potentially burdensome” And then the immigrants spent their
in another area already inhabited for society. last money and often settled
compatriots. exactly where they got on that
the train itself.
between the island and Manhattan. On this ferry During the years of mass immigration,
20% of newcomers box office where immigrants bought tickets
people who received permission to settle. detained as unhealthy, “politically detained as unhealthy, “politically to anywhere in the US except
New York.
in New York City on the Lower East Side or. unwanted” or “potentially burdensome” And then the immigrants spent their
in another area already inhabited for society. last money and often settled
compatriots. exactly where they got on that
the train itself.
Ямайские предки на фотографиях музея
(www.dalia-june.weebly.com)
INSINSPECTOR US IMMIGRATION BUREAU ELLIS ISLAND has virtually registered Dalia, heiress of the Maloratsky family, who arrived at ELLIS ISLAND (see www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com Chapter 1 Part 5):
Below are the stories of how the heads of families of our kind were the first to leave their families in the Russian Empire, immigrating to America, and their families followed them and reunited a few years later in one "meeting place that cannot be changed."
Maloratsky Avrum Morduchovich, according to the "First All-Russian Population Census of 1897", lived in 1897 in the village of Zubrovka, Korostyshevsky district, Zhytomyr region. rented a room and worked as a blacksmith in the census sheets of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897. Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky was engaged in blacksmithing. And, obviously, he was not the only Jewish blacksmith, contrary to the existing myths that supposedly there were no metallurgists, blacksmiths among the Jews. You can read about it on the website https://www.liveinternet.ru/users/rinarozen/post218927140/
The photo shows the figured forged canopy over the entrance, famous in Radomysl. The skill of local craftsmen can be assessed by the preserved forged fences in the old city cemetery and by the patterned canopies that adorn the entrances of old houses to this day and serve as a kind of hallmark of the city. http://antikvar.ua/publications/ourtime/695-2016-10-12-12-43-11.html
|
Avrum (Avraham) Morduchovich Maloratsky (Malorazky) (b. 1872) arrived in America from Korostyshev, Radomysl district (Russian Еmpire) without family on January 14, 1908:
3 years after arriving in America, Avrum Morduchovich began to fuss about reuniting with his family:
ISAAC SION ATTORNEY-AT-LAW NOTARY PUBLIC 521 PINE STREET Philadelphia ID, February 15, 1911 I, the undersigned, Avrum Morduchovich (that is, the son of Mordukhai Maloratsky, a citizen of the city of Radomishl, Kyiv region, Russia, temporarily residing in the city of Philadelphia, give this statement to my wife Chasa Duvidovna Maloratskaya, who lives this time in the city of Korostishev, Radomishel district, Kyiv region, Russia, and I declare that I give my permission to her and our young children living with her: Leib (or Leiba), Rovka, Ruchel and Leil Maloratsky, to obtain passports and permission from the above city of Radomishl to settle in Russia
(NOTE: internal passports had to be resettled in Russia) in accordance with the decision of my wife, as well as to obtain all other documents and documents from all administrative, state and police departments, as well as other departments of the Russian Empire, as well as to apply for the issuance of foreign passports to the governor of Kyiv or another governor of the province for a passport for my wife and our children for the departure of all of them. I fully agree, give my permission and demand the issuance of internal and foreign passports to my wife and our children. Signature Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky + his sign City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Sign in front of me in my office of Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky February 15, 1911 Signature Public notary |
The documents below indicate that after the above notarial "call" of Abracham Morduchovich Maloratsky, his family consisting of: wife Chassie (Chasya Duvidovna), children Leil, Ruchel (Ruhl), Rüske (Rivka), Leib (Gutman-Leib) arrived in America from Korostyshev July 12, 1911
(3 years after parting with the head of the family). The inspector who received them by ear recorded instead of the surname Maloratsky (Maloratsky) - Malerodski, and the father of the family who arrived earlier was recorded (see above) as Malorazky. The surname could be changed (distorted), but “the meeting place could not be changed”, and the place is: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Naturalization records are the documents a person fills out to become a citizen of a country:
The document "PETITION FOR NATURALIZATION" dated February 26, 1925 indicates that Leib Malerodski (b. 22 July 1894) (son of Abracham Morduchovich Maloratsky), who arrived in America on July 9, 1911 from Korostyshev (Russia ), had a family: wife Sophie (b. 8/3/1896), children Henry (b. 8/10/1910), Marion
(b. 3/9/1918), David (b. 4/20/1922) and includes detailed information such as: date and place of birth, including city or village, names of spouse and children, date of arrival in the United States, port of entry into the United States, name of the ship on which the person traveled: Ship Hannover departed from Bremen, Germany, 12 January 1911, and arrived in Galveston, TX 20 July 1911 |
meeting #2
The following story is about the family of Mordechai Avrumovich Maloratsky (1880 - 1945), second cousin of Avrum Morduchovich Maloratsky (b.1871), great-grandson of Chaim Maloratsky (1790-1833) (from the previous story). Mordche (Max) Maloratsky (1879 - 1945) https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Maloratsky-8
Mordche (Max) Born 1879 (1880) in Malyn, Zhytomyr, Russian Empire
Son of Abracham Maloratsky and Rivka Dvorsky Rosen
Brother of:
Michel Maloratsky, Chava Maloratsky, Judah Maloratsky, Zisel (Sam) Malarаtsky, Chalka (Ida) Maloratsky and Rachmiel (Harry) Maloratsky Husband of Liebe Maloritzke Father: Molly Maloratsky, Salomon (Mallor) Maloratsky, Rose Maloratsky, David Mallor Maloratsky, Minnie Maloratsky, Bess Maloratsky, Abraham Maloratsky and Rebecca Maloratsky Died 21 Oct 1945 in New York City, New York, USA
Mordechai (Mordche, Max) Maloratsky arrived in America on February 1, 1907, leaving his family in the town of Malin, Radomysl district.
After 6 years, the family of Mordechai Maloratsky in August 1913 arrived in New York on the ship Noordam, all in the same "place that cannot be changed", where by that time Mordechai had already settled and began to work:
*) Suffolk Street is located in the Lower East Side area. The bulk of immigrants who arrived in New York in the late 19th and early 20th centuries settled in tenement houses on the Lower East Side. At that time, in the New York area of the Lower East Side, whose area is about 4.5 square meters. km. in 1915 there were 350,000 Jews. They were distinguished by a low level of housing construction (often they were real slums), unsanitary conditions, and a high crime rate. Here they lived in overcrowded apartment buildings - dark stuffy and dirty.
**) “peddler”: the second most important area of employment (after sewing) of new immigrants was petty trade, including peddling (unlike peddling (peddler) of the mid-19th century, it was carried out mainly within one city or even the region). The customers of small merchants were almost exclusively residents of the Jewish quarters. Peddlers were engaged in small retail trade on the streets, where they spent 5-6 hours selling clothes, shoes, hats, cosmetics, small household items of good quality at quite low prices. Many of them subsequently managed to become shop owners and climb the steps of the social ladder.
Where did Max Maloratsky work in America: Max Maloratsky 224 18 th Ave, NJ Roe & Conover Wrought and Cast Iron Pipe Fittings and Valves 206 210 Frelinghuysen Ave. Newark, N.J. Bussiness Directory 1914 and Harness Mfrs. and Dealers
Meeting of three generations
2.9 "All Jews are relatives"
(www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com)
American scientists have shown that between the three largest groups of Jews - Ashkenazi ("European" type), Sephardi ("Spanish") and Mizrahim ("Arab") - there is a lot of genetic similarity. It was found that each of these groups has its own genetic specificity, reflected in the mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome. However, all groups of Jews are genetically closer to each other than to any other people. It is assumed that the division of a single ethnic group occurred approximately 2500-3000 years ago. https://expert.ru/russian_reporter/2010/22/narody/.
Hochma of the third freshness: "Jews of all nationalities, unite!" In Paris, Professor Lakote dealt with analogous problems and proved irrefutably the common origin of the various Jewish groups of groups. The oldest ethnos on earth, which broke up into numerous groups isolated from each other for thousands of years, which, it would seem, have little in common, are actually remarkably close genetically. Lakot made a startling conclusion: the Y-chromosome of the Jews retained traces of the ancient pro-Jewish population. And since it is inherited through the male line, then, in essence, it was these genes that were decisive in our distant ancestors - Avraham-Avinu and maybe even Adam himself.
https://sem40.co.il/262995-sushhestvuyut-li-evrejskie-geny-spasibo-goyam.html
Over the studied 300 years (10 generations) there was a “mixing” of the branches of our Family: Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Kagansky, Kaganovsky, Sagalov, Zakon. The diagrams below, as well as the material on this site, illustrate these connections. So, not only the above-mentioned genetic connection took place, but also family ties "by blood".
https://sem40.co.il/262995-sushhestvuyut-li-evrejskie-geny-spasibo-goyam.html
Over the studied 300 years (10 generations) there was a “mixing” of the branches of our Family: Maloratsky, Radomyslsky, Kagansky, Kaganovsky, Sagalov, Zakon. The diagrams below, as well as the material on this site, illustrate these connections. So, not only the above-mentioned genetic connection took place, but also family ties "by blood".
A similar "roll call" of different generations is also characteristic of other branches of our tree. The Maloratsky family merged with the Kagansky family: Mordechai (Mark) Maloratsky married Chana Kagansky:
THE CIRCLE OF SAGALOV - MALORATSKY - ZAKONS CLOSED:
This "tangle" of family relations once again illustrates the close connection of the three branches of our tree: Maloratsky, Sagalov, Zakon. Thus, the above circle of Maloratsky, Sagalov, Zakons is closed. Back in the 5th generation, the branches of the Sagalovs and the Zakons converged in Radomysl: the spouses Feyga Sagalova and Joseph Zakon. Avrum Yankel Sagalov's sister, Feiga Sagalova, married Iosif Zakon and her whole family immigrated to America in 1922. They had children: David b.1892, Samuil b.1898, Sarah b.1907, Etlya b.1906 (received the name of her grandmother Etley Zakon b.1872), Charly b.1893.
In the diagram below, you can see that in the 5th generation in Radomysl, the branches of the Sagalovs and Zakons (Maloratsky) converged: spouses Feiga Sagalova and Iosif Zakon
https://www.familysearch.org/search/record/results?count=20&query=%2Bsurname%3AZakon~&offset=180 Iosif Zakon Sex: Male Wife: Feiga Zakon https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:NQCX-PQF Feiga Zakon Illinois Deaths and Stillbirths, 1916-1947 Date: 03 Mar 1927, 03 Mar 1927 Event Place: Chicago, Cook, Illinois Gender: Female Race: White Age: 55 Birth Year (Estimated): 1872 Birth Date: About 1872 Birthplace: Russia Father's Name: David H. Sagolouv (Duvid Khaskelevich, ed.) Father's Birthplace: Russia Mother's Birthplace: Russia Occupation: Housewife Residence Place: Chicago, Cook, Illinois Spouse's Name: Iosif Zakon Burial Date: 04 Mar 1927 Burial Place: Forest Park, Cook, Illinois
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The descendants of the Sagalovs and Zakons reunited, marrying the Maloratsky sisters: Markus and Abram Sagalov to Sonya and Clara Maloratsky, and Miron Zakon to Manya Maloratsky:
And here is another connection between the Sagalovs and the Zakons:
Mother of Miron Zakon, grandmother of Efim Zakon - Gitlya Zakon (Gorilovsky). In the Sagalov family, Iosif Sagalov had a daughter, Yunya Sagalov (sister of Markus and Abram Sagalov). Yunya Sagalova was married to David Gorilovsky. Thus, there was an indirect connection between the Zakons and the Sagalovs through the Gorilovskys, which is illustrated by the diagram above. Family ties of the Radomyslsky, Maloratsky, Kagansky in different generations.
At the end of the 19th century 5.5 million Jews lived in the Russian Empire, which accounted for half of all Jews in the world. It would not be an exaggeration to say that in every modern Jewish family, wherever they live on the planet, there are ancestors from Russia.